软颗粒饲料对三疣梭子蟹卵巢发育和营养品质的影响  

Effects of Soft Diet on Ovarian Development and Nutritional Quality of Adult Female Swimming Crab Portunus trituberculatus

作　　者：解志龙 姜晓东[1] 侯文杰 柳梅梅 吴旭干[1] XIE Zhilong;JIANG Xiaodong;HOU Wenjie;LIU Meimei;WU Xugan(National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Fisheries Technical Extension Station,Shanghai Fisheries Research Institute,Shanghai 200433,China;College of Marine Science and Aquaculture,Jiangsu Ocean University,Lianyungang 222005,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学,水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室,农业农村部鱼类营养和环境生态研究中心,水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,上海201306 [2]上海市水产研究所,上海市水产技术推广站,上海200433 [3]江苏海洋大学海洋科学与水产学院,江苏连云港222005

出　　处：《水产科学》2024年第2期173-188,共16页Fisheries Science

基　　金：江苏省科技厅苏北科技专项(SZ-LYG202029);江苏省农业重大技术协同推广计划试点项目(2019-SJ-009-5).

摘　　要：软颗粒饲料具有水分含量高、诱食性好和易消化等优点,在水产养殖上具有一定的应用前景。在6个生产池塘(80 m×40 m×1.8 m)中放入5500尾三疣梭子蟹幼蟹[初始体质量为(3.12±0.54)g],每3个池塘作为1个处理,分别全程投喂软颗粒饲料和传统饵料养殖4个月后,探究软颗粒饲料对三疣梭子蟹雌体卵巢发育和营养成分的影响。试验结果显示:(1)软颗粒饲料组肝胰腺指数、卵巢指数和总可食率分别比传统饵料组高32.27%、17.70%和8.69%,特级红膏蟹和大红蟹所占比例比传统饵料组分别高42.37%和53.19%,但组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。(2)软颗粒饲料组卵巢和肝胰腺中粗蛋白含量分别比传统饵料组高21.41%和31.32%,但组间并无显著差异(P>0.05)。(3)软颗粒饲料组卵巢红度值和黄度值明显高于传统饵料组,但差异不显著(P>0.05);软颗粒饲料组卵巢总类胡萝卜素、虾青素、叶黄素、β-胡萝卜素和肝胰腺中的总类胡萝卜素含量均显著高于传统饵料组(P<0.05)。(4)软颗粒饲料组肝胰腺和卵巢中的二十二碳六烯酸含量显著低于传统饲料组(P<0.05),而亚油酸含量显著高于传统饲料组(P<0.05)。综上,投喂软颗粒饲料可以促进卵巢发育,改善红膏蟹比例和可食组织中的营养组成。The study was carried out in,About 5500 juvenile crabs of swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus[initial body weight of(3.12±0.54)g]were placed in 6 cement ponds(80 m×40 m×1.8 m).Every 3 cement ponds were set as a treatment,and the effects of soft diet and iced trash fish(ITF)on ovarian development and nutritional quality of swimming crab females were studied in 4 months.The results showed that:(1)hepatosomatic index(HSI),gonadosomatic index(GSI),and total edible yield(TEY)were 32.27%,17.70%,and 8.69%higherin the soft diet groupthan those in the traditional diet group,respectively.But there were no significant differences among all groups(P>0.05).The proportion of super level crab and senior level crab in the soft diet group was 42.37%and 53.19%higher than that in the traditional diet group,respectively,and there was no significant difference among all groups(P>0.05).(2)The content of crude protein in the ovary and hepatopancreas was 21.41%and 31.32%higher in the soft diet group than that in the traditional diet group,respectively.The content in soft diet group was 12.30%and 9.05%lower than that in the traditional diet group.But there was no significant difference among groups(P>0.05).The content of biochemical composition in muscle was similar.(3)In terms of tissue color and the contents of total carotenoid,the red value(a*)and yellow value(b*)of the ovary was significantly higherin the soft diet groupthan that in the traditional diet group,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05);the total carotenoid content,and contents of astaxanthin,lutein,andβ-carotene in the ovary and total carotenoid content in the hepatopancreas of soft diet group was significantly higher than that in traditional diet group(P<0.05).(4)In terms of fatty acid composition different tissues,the proportion of C22:6n3 in hepatopancreas and ovaries in soft diet group was significantly lower than that in traditional diet group(P<0.05),while the content of C18:2n6 was significantly higher in soft diet group than that in traditional diet

关 键 词：三疣梭子蟹 软颗粒饲料 卵巢发育 营养品质 

分 类 号：S963.7[农业科学—水产养殖]