号爵之法意——号称、爵制与中国古代治道  

The Legal Meaning of Titles and Peerage——Titles,Peerage and Governance in Ancient China

作　　者：杜文忠[1] Du Wenzhong(Law School of Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu,Sichuan,610041)

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学法学院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《成都大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第2期111-128,共18页Journal of Chengdu University (Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“历代治藏法律文献整理与研究”(项目编号:19ZDA154)。

摘　　要：中国古代的治道分为天治、人治、刑治,具体又可分为皇治、帝治、王治、霸治、君子之治,其相对应的是天治、德治、仁治、义治、群治,可归纳为皇以天治、帝以德治、王以仁治、霸以义治、君子以群治。除“天子”之爵外,爵又分为“正爵”和“内爵”,“正爵”对应的是各地诸侯封国的国君,“内爵”对应的是朝臣;“正爵”为公、侯、伯、子、男,“内爵”指公、卿、大夫、士。这些爵号各具其法意,它们共同体现了中国古代政法理论的人文义理。The way of governance in ancient China can be classified into ruling by heaven,ruling by human,and ruling by punishment.Specifically,it can also be divided into the rule of supreme emperor,the rule of emperor,the rule of king,the rule of hegemony and the rule of gentleman,which corresponds to the rule of heaven,virtue,benevolence,righteousness and group respectively,so considered in a comprehensive way,it means that the supreme emperor rules by heaven,the emperor rules by virtue,the king rules by benevolence,the hegemony rules by righteousness,and the gentleman rules by group.Besides the top title of"Son of Heaven",other titles can be divided into the"regular outer titles"and the"inner titles".The"regular titles"are for the rulers of vassal states,while the"internal titles"refer to the courtiers in imperial court.There are the grades of duke,marquise,earl,viscount,baron for the"regular outer titles",and the grades of duke,secretary,gentleman,and scholar for the"inner titles".All these titles have their own legal meanings,which are the common manifestation of humanistic principles of ancient Chinese political and legal theories.

关 键 词：天 法意 号称 爵制 治道 

分 类 号：D929[政治法律—法学] D909.2