技能型社会建设视阈中高等教育多样化发展研究  

Research on Diversification in Higher Education:A Perspective from Construction of Skilled Society

作　　者：郑杰 兰金林 李梦婷 Zheng Jie;Lan Jinlin;Li Mengting(Institute of Vocational and Adult Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学职业教育与成人教育研究所,上海200062

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报（教育科学版）》2024年第4期110-122,共13页Journal of East China Normal University:Educational Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学重大课题“技能型社会测度模型、驱动因素及路径优化研究”(VJA220006)。

摘　　要：多样化发展一直是推动高等教育内涵建设的重要方向。在技能型社会建设的背景下,高等教育多样化发展的关键在于对接技能型社会中技能的多层次需求、多向度培养和可持续发展3个鲜明特征做出相应变革。自20世纪90年代末高等教育扩招至今,我国高等教育实现了形式上的多样化,但是高校评价与管理机制的束缚、办学目标和育人体制的僵化以及层次重心上移带来的过度教育,使其机构间同质化倾向严重、教育供给机会单一,难以支撑技能型社会建设。为进一步助力技能型社会建设,我国高等教育机构需围绕不同技能人才的认知层级要求进行分类发展,把握技能学习与积累的规律并加强横向多样性的内涵建设。同时,国家与政府也需积极推动高校评价与管理改革,营造高等教育多样化发展的制度环境。The pursuit of diversified development remains pivotal in fostering the connotation construction of higher education.In the context of construction of skilled society,achieving this diversification necessitates adjust-ments across three key facets:addressing multi-tiered skill demands,adopting versatile educational approaches,and ensuring sustainability within such a societal framework.Since the expansion of higher education in the late 1990s,China has achieved diversification of higher education in form,but the constraints within the evaluation and manage-ment mechanism of higher education,the rigidity of educational goals and systems,and the overemphasis on higher-tier education have led to a serious trend of institutional homogenization,resulting in unitary education provision,which makes it difficult to support the construction of a skilled society.To further support the construction of a skilled society,Chinese higher education institutions are suggested to direct their attention towards the cognitive re-quisites of diverse skilled individuals.This entails tailored classification and development strategies,a deep under-standing of skill acquisition patterns,and a concerted effort to enrich horizontal diversity.Concurrently,the state and the government need to actively facilitate reforms in the evaluation and management of higher education institutions to create an institutional environment for the diversified development of higher education.

关 键 词：高等教育多样化 技能型社会 多样性 进程 

分 类 号：G649.2[文化科学—高等教育学]