母婴分离初产妇出院准备护理实践现况的田野研究  

Nursing practice of discharge planning service for primipara separated from their infants during hospitalization:a field research

作　　者：万悦 丁丽静 姚晓 王佳洁 吴娜[2] 黄蓉[2] Wan Yue;Ding Lijing;Yao Xiao;Wang Jiajie;Wu Na;Huang Rong(School of Nursing,School of Medicine,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;Department of Obstetrics,Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University,Shanghai 201204,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学医学院护理学院,上海200092 [2]同济大学附属妇产科医院产科,上海201204

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2024年第4期250-256,共7页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(72004163);国家卫生健康委人才交流服务中心中国卫生人才培养项目2023—2024年度研究课题(RCLX2320052);中华医学会杂志社2022—2023年护理学科研究课题(CMAPH-NRI2022011);上海市第一妇婴保健院2022年人才蓄水池计划(一妇婴院字〔2022〕48号)。

摘　　要：目的了解母婴分离初产妇出院准备护理实践现况,为构建临床护理方案提供参考和依据。方法2023年2—6月,选取同济大学附属妇产科医院产科作为田野地,开展针对母婴分离初产妇出院准备护理实践现况的田野研究。通过参与式观察及非正式访谈收集12名护士的资料并采用质性研究中三级编码的方法进行资料分析。结果12名护士均为女性,年龄24~46(33.33±1.83)岁。母婴分离初产妇出院准备护理包括提供新生儿健康信息、母乳喂养、产后康复、心理护理及社会支持共4类内容主题;护士在提供新生儿健康知识、评估母婴分离初产妇心理及社会支持、出院教育质量等方面存在提升空间。结论母婴分离初产妇出院准备护理缺乏结构合理的流程及制度,亟需通过制订科学规范的出院准备护理流程,对护士进行规范化培训,提高护士心理社会评估能力,同质化健康教育,提升人文关怀等措施,提高母婴分离初产妇出院准备护理质量,从而促进初产妇康复,并适应母亲角色。Objective To understand the current status of discharge planning nursing for primipara who separated from their infants during hospitalization and provide a reference basis for constructing a clinical nursing plan.Methods From February to June 2023,a field research about situation of nursing practice in discharge planning service among primiparas who separated from their infants was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics,Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University.Data was collected by field observation and informal interviews with 12 nurses and analyzed by three-level coding method of qualitative research.Results All 12 nurses were female with 24-46(33.33±1.83)years old.The work content of the observation subjects could be divided into 4 items including providing infants′health information,breastfeeding,postpartum rehabilitation,psychological care and social support.All the 4 items needed to be improved in providing infants′health information,evaluating psychological status and social support,and quality of discharge teaching.Conclusions It still needs further development in discharge planning nursing for primipara separated from their infants during hospitalization.It is urgent to improve the quality of discharge planning nursing for primiparas who have separated from their infants by developing scientific and standardized discharge planning nursing process,conducting standardized training for nurses,improving nurses′psychosocial assessment ability,homogenizing health education,and improving humanistic care,so as to promote the rehabilitation of primiparas and get used to being a mother.

关 键 词：病人出院 母婴护理 初产妇 田野研究 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]