观赏蕨类姬蕨同配子体自交的孢子体萌发和发育特性  

Characteristics of Intragametophytic Selfing of Ornamental Ferns Hypolepis punctata on Sporophyte Germination and Development

作　　者：李莉[1] 杨春萍 商辉[1] LI Li(Eastern China Conservation Centre for Wild Endangered Plant Resources,Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden,Shanghai 201602)

机构地区：[1]上海辰山植物园,华东野生濒危资源植物保育中心,上海201602 [2]唐山汉沽管理区农业技术服务中心,河北唐山050701

出　　处：《园艺与种苗》2024年第1期15-18,共4页Horticulture & Seed

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31700170);中国科学院战略生物资源科技支撑体系运行专项基金资助(ZSZY-001-8);上海市绿化局科技攻关项目基金资助(G192423和F132412)。

摘　　要：[目的]评估交配形式对蕨类繁殖的影响。[方法]以姬蕨(Hypolepis punctata)为例,设计配子体单独培养(同配自交)和混合培养(混交)比较试验,比较两种交配系统下孢子体萌发状态(萌发率、存活率),孢子体成长情况及生长速率。[结果]尽管自交幼苗生长趋势弱于混交个体,单独培养产生的完全纯合的姬蕨孢子体最终存活率达到62.5%,说明蕨类的自交确实可以导致近交衰退,但仍然具有可接受的存活能力,单个孢子仍有很大概率上延续种群。蕨类植物由于其特殊的生活史特性,可通过单独培养得到完全纯合的自交个体,从而得到性状稳定的品系。[结论]该研究中单独培养技术在园艺育种方向具有很好的应用前景。[Objective]The aim was to evaluate the influence of mating pattern on fern reproduction.[Method]Taking Hypolepis punctata as a case,a comparative experiment of separately and mixed culturing of gametophytes was designed to compare the germination rate,survival rate,sporophyte growth and growth rate of sporophyte under two mating systems.[Result]The final survival rate of the completely homozygous sporophyte produced by separately culturing reached 62.5%,although their growth performance was weaker than that of mixed-crossing individuals.It suggests that selfing ferns can indeed lead to inbreeding depression,but still have a high ability to survive,which make a single spore has a high probability of continuing the population.Due to the special life-history characteristics of fern,we can obtain completely homozygous selfing individuals as trait-stable strains through separately culturing.[Conclusion]This study proved that the separately culturing technique is applicable in horticultural breeding.

关 键 词：蕨类植物 孢子培养 交配系统 纯合子 近交衰退 自交系 

分 类 号：S567.9[农业科学—中草药栽培]