大学科学创新职能实现的行动者网络:一种解释框架  

Actor Networks for the Realization of Scientific Innovation Functions in Universities:An Explanatory Framework

作　　者：黄小宾 钟云华 HUANG Xiao-bin;ZHONG Yun-hua(School of Education Science,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学教育科学学院,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《科学管理研究》2024年第1期11-20,共10页Scientific Management Research

基　　金：2023年度湖南省教育厅科学研究(党的二十大精神研究专项)重点项目“教育、科技、人才在全面建设社会主义现代化国家中的基础性、战略性支撑作用研究”(23A0752)。

摘　　要：传统的大学职能论难以有效解释大学科学创新职能实现条件的异质性与风险性,而行动者网络理论可为大学科学创新职能的实现提供一种较新的解释性框架。大学科学创新职能实现行动者网络中的多元主体具有不同的角色定位:政府是边界厘定者、大学是人才引培者、科研院所是资源共谋者、企业是成果转化者、公众是社会监督者。由于主体间的角色定位和网络空间位置差异,多元主体之间产生了不同的协同和冲突关系,如府学关系之间的服务耦合与价值冲突、学研关系之间的科研共谋与流动设限、学企关系之间的知识链化与无序逐利、学众关系之间的责任共担与行动异化等。因而,为促进大学科学创新职能有效实现,在参照行动者网络的一般规律和各行动主体差异性的基础上,提出达成行动者共识、构建利益协调机制和形成实践共同体的转译策略。The heterogeneity and risk of the realization conditions of university scientific innovation function decide that the understanding of it cannot be confined to the traditional university function theory.The actor network theory provides a new explanatory framework for it.The multiple subjects in the actor network of realizing the function of scientific innovation in universities have different roles:the government is the boundary setter,the university is the talent introducer,the research institute is the resource conspirator,the enterprise is the result translator,and the public is the social supervisor.Due to the differences in the role positioning and cyberspace location of the subjects,different synergies and conflicts have arisen between the multiple subjects,such as the service coupling and value conflict between government-academia relations,scien-tific research conspiracy and mobility restriction between academic-research relations,knowledge chaining and profit-seeking market between academic-enterprise relations,and responsibility sharing and action dissimilation between academic-congregation relations,and so on.Therefore,to promote the effective realisation of the university’s scientific innovation function,on the basis of the general law of the actor network and the differences of the actors,the translation strategy of reaching the consensus of the actors,constructing the mechanism of coordinating interests and forming the community of practice is proposed.

关 键 词：大学科学创新职能 职能实现 行动者网络 转译 互动关系 

分 类 号：G647[文化科学—高等教育学]