轨底坡耦合轮径差对地铁车辆动力学性能及轮轨接触特性的影响  

Influence of rail cant coupling wheel diameter difference on subway vehicles dynamic performance and wheel-rail contact characteristics

作　　者：李欣[1] 朱爱华[1] 孟宇轩 杨建伟[1] 白堂博 LI Xin;ZHU Aihua;MENG Yuxuan;YANG Jianwei;BAI Tangbo(Beijing Key Laboratory of Performance Guarantee on Urban Rail Transit Vehicles,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学城市轨道交通车辆服役性能保障北京市重点实验室,北京100044

出　　处：《现代制造工程》2024年第3期45-53,共9页Modern Manufacturing Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52272385);北京市自然科学基金项目(L211007)。

摘　　要：为了研究轨底坡耦合轮径差对于地铁车辆动力学性能及轮轨接触特性的影响规律,设置了3种轨底坡工况(1/20、1/30和1/40)和5种轮径差工况,通过建立地铁车辆动力学仿真模型和轮轨接触三维弹性有限元模型,分析轨底坡耦合轮径差对地铁车辆直线平稳性和曲线通过性能的影响。结果表明:直线路段车辆平稳性指标受到轮径差变化的影响大于轨底坡变化的影响,轮轨等效应力和接触应力会随着轮径差的增加而增大;曲线路段的各个动力学指标会随着轮径差的增加而增大;综合考虑动力学指标和轮轨接触特性,直线路段下尽量减少使用1/20轨底坡;曲线路段下,可以选择1/30轨底坡,减少轮径差对车辆的影响。In order to study the influence of rail cant coupling wheel diameter difference on subway vehicle dynamic performance and wheel-rail contact characteristics,three types of rail cant(1/20,1/30,1/40)and five types of wheel diameter difference con-ditions were set up.By establishing a subway vehicle dynamics simulation model and a three-dimensional elastic finite element model of wheel-rail contact,the influence of coupling wheel diameter difference of rail cant on linear stability and curve passing performance of subway vehicles was analyzed.The results show,under the straight section,the influence of wheel diameter differ-ence on vehicle smoothness index is greater than that of rail cant and the wheel-rail equivalent stress and contact stress increase with the increase of wheel diameter difference.Each dynamic index of the curve section will increase with the increase of wheel di-ameter difference.Considering the dynamic index and wheel-rail contact characteristics,the use of 1/20 rail cant under the straight section is minimized.Under the curve section,1/30 rail cant can be selected to reduce the impact of wheel diameter difference on the vehicle.

关 键 词：地铁车轮 轨底坡 轮径差 动力学性能 轮轨接触特性 

分 类 号：U271.92[机械工程—车辆工程]