山地辣椒收获机液压系统的设计与仿真  

Design and simulation of mountain pepper harvester’s hydraulic system

作　　者：张建龙 唐勇 吴荻 林蜀云 张太华[1] 徐卫平[1] ZHANG Jianlong;TANG Yong;WU Di;LIN Shuyun;ZHANG Taihua;XU Weiping(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550025;Guizhou Institute of Mountain Agricultural Machinery,Guiyang 550007)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学机械与电气工程学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省山地农业机械研究所,贵州贵阳550007

出　　处：《机械设计》2024年第1期94-101,共8页Journal of Machine Design

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(72061006);贵州省重大专项基金资助项目(〔2017〕5708);黔教合(YJSCXJH〔2020〕105);黔科合支撑(〔2021〕一般265)。

摘　　要：贵州为我国典型的喀斯特地貌省份,辣椒多在坡地种植,现有的辣椒收获机不能满足贵州辣椒采收要求,因此,文中设计并制造了适用于山地地形的全液压自行式履带辣椒收获样机。通过对山地辣椒收获机关键部位液压系统的设计计算及元器件选型,并采用AMESim液压仿真软件对行走、采收机构的液压系统进行建模与仿真。结果显示,行走马达启动时间为0.52 s,马达流量稳定在117.9 L/min;采摘辊的马达转速稳定在210 r/min,压合辊油缸、地轮油缸和升降油缸的举升用时分别为2.2,3.2和2 s,油缸压力稳定在16 MPa。由此得出,行走系统与采收系统的启动时间短暂且平稳,满足液压系统的设计使用要求。该研究以期为山地辣椒收获机及其他山地机器液压系统的改进与优化设计提供理论依据。Guizhou is typical of karst landform in China,and pepper is mostly planted on the sloping land.Currently,the pepper harvesters fail to meet the requirements of harvesting in Guizhou.Therefore,in this article a fully-hydraulic self-walking tracked pepper-harvester prototype is designed and manufactured,which is suitable for mountain areas.The hydraulic systems of the mountain pepper harvester’s key parts are subject to calculation and type selection;the AMESim hydraulic simulation software is used to model and simulate the hydraulic systems of both the walking mechanism and the harvesting mechanism.The results show that the start-up time of the walking motor is 0.52 s,and the motor flow is stable at 117.9 L/min.The motor speed of the picking roller is stable at 210 r/min;the lifting time of the pressing-roller oil cylinder,the ground-wheel oil cylinder and the lifting oil cylinder is 2.2,3.2 and 2 s respectively;the pressure of the oil cylinder is stable at 16 MPa.It is concluded that the startup time of both the walking mechanism and the harvesting mechanism is short and stable,which can meet the design and utilization requirements of the hydraulic systems.This study aims to provide theoretical basis for the improvement and optimization design of hydraulic systems of mountain pepper harvesters and other mountain machinery.

关 键 词：山地辣椒收获机 液压系统 计算选型 AMESIM仿真 

分 类 号：S225.92[农业科学—农业机械化工程]