分流抑或合流:嘉靖时期黄河下游的河道治理  

Diversion or Confluence:A Study on the River Governance of the Lower Reaches of the Yellow River During the Jiajing Period of Ming Dynasty

作　　者：潘威 刘其恩 PAN Wei;LIU Qien(Institute of Historical Geography,Yunnan University,Kunming 650091,China)

机构地区：[1]云南大学历史地理研究所,云南昆明650091

出　　处：《烟台大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第6期116-125,共10页Journal of Yantai University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“中华治水历史脉络梳理与国家文化形象构建研究”(22JZD039);云南大学第十四届研究生科研创新项目“明代黄河下游变迁与国家治河方略关系研究”(KC-22221702)。

摘　　要：明代黄河下游河道在嘉靖二十五年前后并未实现合流,虽然此时徐州以上的上流河段单股河河型初步形成,但徐州及其以下的下流河段却呈现出散乱的分流态势。嘉靖初年,明廷在河道治理问题上进行过广泛讨论,但此时的黄运问题不同以往,黄河被人为地导向徐州,并在堤防的作用下实现了局部合流。在政治、环境、思想等层面出现重大变化的嘉靖朝,诸多黄河本身以外的因素也给河道治理带来了极大掣肘。至嘉靖朝末,明廷在治河思想上发生了剧烈变化,传统分流思想被新的合流思想所取代,并为之后隆万时期更加全面系统的河道治理工程开启先声。During the Ming Dynasty,the confluence of the lower reaches of the Yellow River was not achieved until around the 25th year of Jiajing period(the year of 1546).While the upper reaches above Xuzhou initially formed a single strand river pattern,the lower reaches below Xuzhou showed a scattered and diverging trend.In the early years of Jiajing period,the Ming Government extensively discussed the issue of river governance,but the river presented different challenges compared to previous cases,and the river was artificially directed towards Xuzhou,and with the aid of dikes,local conjunctures were achieved.During the Jiajing period,major changes occurred in politics,environment,and ideology,and many external factors imposed constraints on the river governance.Towards the end of Jiajing period,the Ming Government underwent a drastic shift in its thought to river governance,and the traditional diverging thought was replaced by the new confluence thought,which opened a precedent for a more comprehensive and systematic river governance project in the later Longwan period.

关 键 词：嘉靖 治黄 分流 合流 治河思想 

分 类 号：K928.42[历史地理—人文地理学]