颅后窝畸胎瘤的影像及临床特点分析  

Analysis of imaging and clinical features of posterior fossa teratoma

作　　者：李锐 张茂柏[1] 李志兵[1] 梁廷宇 霍恺 郝解贺[2] Li Rui;Zhang Maobai;Li Zhibing;Liang Tingyu;Huo Kai;Hao Jiehe(Department of Neurosurgery,Shanxi Cancer Hospital,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030013,China;Department of Neurosurgery,The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030012,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省肿瘤医院神经外科,山西太原030013 [2]山西医科大学第一医院神经外科,山西太原030012

出　　处：《中国微侵袭神经外科杂志》2024年第1期8-10,共3页Chinese Journal of Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery

摘　　要：目的探讨分析后颅窝畸胎瘤的影像与临床特点。方法回顾性分析5例颅后窝畸胎瘤病人的CT、MRI资料及临床资料。病变位于小脑蚓部4例,右桥脑小脑角1例。采用枕下后正中入路4例,乙状窦后入路1例。结果肿瘤全切除3例,近全切除2例。术后病理均提示:成熟囊性畸胎瘤。术后症状大多缓解,术后发生无菌性脑炎1例,癫痫伴精神异常1例,共济失调加重1例。5例病人均获随访,时间3个月~5年,1例复发。结论颅后窝畸胎瘤非常罕见,多发生于中线部位,典型者有特异的影像表现,非典型者诊断主要依据病理结果。显微手术切除是主要治疗方式。Objective To investigate the imaging and clinical features of posterior fossa teratoma.Methods The CT and MRI data and clinical data of 5 patients with posterior fossa teratomas were analyzed respectively.The lesions were located in the vermis of the cerebellum in 4 cases and in the right pontocerebellar angle in 1 case.The posterior median suboccipital approach was adopted in 4 cases,and the retrosigmoidal approach in 1 case.Results Total tumor resection was achieved in 3 cases and subtotal resection in 2 cases.The postoperative pathology all indicated:mature cystic teratoma.Postoperative symptoms were mostly relieved,with 1 case of aseptic encephalitis,1 case of epilepsy with mental abnormalities,and 1 case of aggravated ataxia.All 5 patients were followed up for 3 months to 5 years,with 1 case of recurrence.Conclusions The posterior fossa teratoma is extremely rare,mostly occurring in the midline.Typical cases have specific imaging features,and atypical cases are mainly diagnosed based on pathology.Microsurgical resection is the main treatment method.

关 键 词：畸胎瘤 颅后窝 影像学特点 磁共振成像 显微外科手术 

分 类 号：R730.265.7[医药卫生—肿瘤]