如何支付“欠农业的生态账”——基于农业隐含碳市场化补偿视角  

How to Pay for“the Ecological Debt Owed to Agriculture”:Based on the Horizontal Compensation of Agricultural Implicit Carbon in Large Cities

作　　者：冯祎宇 刘静[2] 宋蕊 魏腾达 FENG Yiyu;LIU Jing;SONG Rui;WEI Tengda

机构地区：[1]贵州大学经济学院,贵阳550025 [2]中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所,北京100081 [3]中国农业大学经济管理学院,北京100083

出　　处：《农业经济问题》2024年第3期20-35,共16页Issues in Agricultural Economy

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(编号:10-IAED-06-2023);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项项目“‘双碳’背景下农业绿色发展战略路径研究”(编号:Y2022ZK03);国家重点研发计划政府间国际科技创新合作/港澳台科技创新合作重点专项项目(编号:2017YFE0133000);国家自然科学基金项目“矿区生态环境与生计的协调演变机理与政策研究”(编号:72104239)。

摘　　要：当前农产品价格未能体现生态价值。为保障农产品供给,主产区付出的碳排放等资源环境代价未得到有效补偿。本文利用多区域投入产出模型,测算了我国四个直辖市最终部门农产品消耗中隐含的农业碳排放量(CO_(2)),量化分析了隐含碳流动对农业产区造成的碳排放压力,并在此基础上讨论了以农业隐含碳为价值标准的碳市场化补偿机制。研究提出,四个直辖市共需向外部农业产区支付3.1亿元补偿资金,补偿款项可由地方政府根据本地区消耗其他产区的农业隐含碳排放量进行转移支付;受偿主体方面,可成立“省、市、县、乡、村级农业碳市场化服务组织”承接管理、监督并使用资金,用于农业低碳发展、环境治理和激励农户低碳生产行为等工作。本研究为实现农业产区经济发展和生态保护双赢,助力农业“碳中和”和农产品生态价值实现提供了新的思路与现实依据。Currenty the prices of agricultural products fail to reflect ecological values,and the resource and environmental costs such as carbon emissions paid by the main production areas to secure the supply of social agricultural products have not been effectively compensated.Using a multi-regional input-output model,this study measures the implied agricultural carbon emissions(CO_(2))in the consumption of agricultural products in the final sectors of four municipalities in China,analyzes the carbon emission pressure in agricultural production areas exacerbated by their flow relationships,and a market carbon compensation mechanism based on the value standard of agricultural implicit carbon is discussed.It is proposed that the four municipalities need to pay a total of 310 million yuan in compensation funds to external agricultural production areas.Compensation payments may be transferred by local governments based on the agricultural hidden carbon consumed in other producing areas,“province,city,county,township and village agricultural low-carbon service organizations”can be set up in the ac ceptation regions to manage,supervise and use the funds for agricultural low-carbon development,environmental management and stimulating low-carbon production behavior of farmers.This study provides a new idea and practical basis for realizing the win-win situation of economic development and ecological protection of agricultural producing areas,helping the“carbon neutrality”of agriculture and realizing the ecological value of agricultural products.

关 键 词：生态账 农业隐含碳 “双碳”目标 生态产品价值 大城市 

分 类 号：F323[经济管理—产业经济] F832.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X196