柳江下游大眼鳜仔稚鱼耳石特征及孵化期推算  

Otolith characteristics and incubation period estimation of larval and juvenile Siniperca knerii in the lower reaches of Liujiang River

作　　者：宋琦亮 徐林 吴志强[1] 黄亮亮[1,3,4] 高明慧 何佳洋 刘昊 文浩 SONG Qi-liang;XU Lin;WU Zhi-qiang;HUANG Liang-liang;GAO Ming-hui;HE Jia-yang;LIU Hao;WEN Hao(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin,Guangxi 541004,China;Guangxi Daitengxia Gorge Water Conservancy Development Co.,Ltd.,Guigang,Guangxi 537200,China;Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Areas,Guilin,Guangxi 541004,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology,Guilin,Guangxi 541004,China;Bureau of Hydrology and Water Resources,Pearl River Water Resources Commission of Ministry of Water Resources,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510380,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院,广西桂林541004 [2]广西大藤峡水利枢纽开发有限责任公司,广西贵港537200 [3]广西岩溶地区水污染控制与用水安全保障协同创新中心,广西桂林541004 [4]广西环境污染控制理论与技术重点实验室,广西桂林541004 [5]水利部珠江水利委员会水文水资源局,广东广州510380

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2023年第11期3416-3426,共11页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32060830);广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB22035050)。

摘　　要：【目的】分析柳江下游大眼鳜(Siniperca knerii)仔稚鱼的耳石形态变化和微结构特征,明确该江段大眼鳜的生长和繁殖现状,为其资源保护及合理开发利用提供理论依据。【方法】以2022年采集的柳江下游大眼鳜仔稚鱼为试验材料,经50%乙醇麻醉后测量体长(mm),用解剖针挑取耳石;采用温度标记法确证矢耳石轮纹增量周期;通过显微镜观察矢耳石和微耳石形态特征并统计耳石轮纹数,利用耳石日轮技术推算其孵化日期;通过Image J测量矢耳石与微耳石的长(μm)、宽(μm)、周长(μm)和面积(μm^(2))等形态指标,并计算环率、矩形趋近率、椭圆度、辐形比、外形尺寸和圆度等形状指数,比较两类尺寸等级(体长≤13 mm和体长>13 mm)的大眼鳜矢耳石形态变化,对大眼鳜矢耳石形态指标与体长关系进行拟合,采用AIC(Akaike information criterion)准则选取最适模型,分析二者间的关系。【结果】2022年采集的大眼鳜样本微耳石轮纹数范围为3~9轮,矢耳石轮纹数范围为6~16轮,矢耳石标记轮纹数与标记时间呈线性相关,大眼鳜矢耳石轮纹增量具有日周期性,用日轮数N+3表示日龄,推算2022年柳江下游江段大眼鳜样本的孵化期为5月1日—8月8日。随着大眼鳜仔稚鱼的生长,矢耳石由近圆形发育成一端略尖的桃形,微耳石由近圆形发育成贻贝形,矢耳石相较于微耳石变化更明显。拟合大眼鳜矢耳石的长、宽、周长和面积4个形态指标与体长的关系,以线性模型为最佳拟合模型,两类尺寸等级的大眼鳜矢耳石形态指标与体长相关性均较强,第二类R2大于第一类,两类尺寸等级的线性模型拟合效果无显著差异,表明大眼鳜仔稚鱼在早期生活阶段耳石形态与体长呈线性相关,且在一段时间内相关性逐步增强。【结论】柳江下游大眼鳜仔稚鱼孵化期整体短于珠江流域鳜属鱼类的自然繁殖期,矢耳石更适合作为大眼鳜早期�【Objective】The purpose of the study was to analyze the morphological changes and microstructural charac‐teristics of otolith in Siniperca knerii larval and juvenile fish in the lower reaches of the Liujiang River,and to explore the current growth and reproduction status of S.knerii in this section of the river,so as to provide theoretical basis for resource protection and rational development and utilization of S.knerii.【Method】The S.knerii larval and juvenile fish col‐lected from the lower reaches of Liujiang River in 2022 were used as experimental materials.After anesthesia with 50%ethanol,the body length(mm)was measured,and the otolith was selected with anatomical needle.Temperature marking method was used to confirm the increment period of sagitta otolith marking ring.The morphological characteristics of sa‐gitta otolith and lapillus otolith were observed by microscope and the number of otolith marking rings were counted.The incubation date was extrapolated using otolith daily increment technology.The morphological indices of length(μm),width(μm),circumference(μm)and area(μm^(2))of sagitta otolith and lapillus otolith were measured by Image J.And the shape indices such as circularity,rectangularity,ellipticity,aspect ratio,shape size and roundness were calculated.The morphological changes of sagitta otolith of S.knerii body length of two types of size classes(body length≤13 mm and body length>13 mm)were compared,the relationship between the morphological indices of S.knerii sagitta otoliths and body length was fitted,and the optimal model was selected using Akaike information criterion(AIC)to analyze the relationship between the two.【Result】S.knerii samples collected in 2022 ranged from 3 to 9 lapillus otolith marking rings and 6 to 16 sagitta otolith marking rings.The number of sagitta otolith marking rings was linearly correlated with the mar-king time.The increment of S.knerii sagitta otolith marking rings was daily periodic,and the day age was represented by the number of daily rin

关 键 词：大眼鳜 耳石形态 轮纹特征 孵化期 

分 类 号：S932.4[农业科学—渔业资源]