微纳世界的音乐之声——用低维纳米机电器件探索微观世界  

The sound of music at the nanoscale——exploring the nanoscale world with nanoelectromechanical systems based on low dimensional nanomaterials

作　　者：朱健凯 徐博 王曾晖 ZHU Jian-Kai;XU Bo;WANG Zeng-Hui(Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu 610054,China)

机构地区：[1]电子科技大学基础与前沿研究院,成都610054

出　　处：《物理》2024年第2期89-98,共10页Physics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:62250073,T2325007,U21A20459,62150052,61774029)资助项目。

摘　　要：纳米机电器件是具有机械运动自由度的纳米电子器件。特别有趣的是,纳米机电器件同时也构成了微纳世界的各种乐器,能够演奏出独特的音乐之声。如同宏观世界中的乐器各有各的特色,这类微纳器件在研究低维及纳米尺度的物理现象时,也展现出一些独到的潜力和优势,例如研究低维体系中的独特相变过程以及纳米材料中的力学各向异性效应等。在这些工作中,通过精密测量低维纳米材料的机械振动,即仔细倾听这些乐器所奏出的音乐之声,能够帮助研究者们观察到一些原来不易被测量的现象,进而探索新的低维物理过程和材料体系,带来新的科学发现。The advent of low-dimensional nanostructures has enabled a plethora of new devices and systems.Among them,nanoelectromechanical systems offer the unique capability of coupling the exquisite material properties found in these atomically-defined nanostructures with their mechanical degrees of freedom,opening new opportunities for exploring exotic phenomena at the nanoscale.In particular,when these devices are driven into mechanical vibration—as in musical instruments—they become essentially nanoscale guitars,drums,etc.By studying the infinitesimal mechanical vibrations in these nanoscale“music instruments”,i.e.,listening to the“sound of music”at the nanoscale,researchers can study a number of fundamental physical processes,such as phase transition in low dimensional systems and elastic anisotropy in nanomaterials.

关 键 词：纳米机电器件 低维纳米材料 音乐 

分 类 号：TB383.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]