参与学习活动何以影响老年人的身心健康?——基于CGSS混合截面数据的实证分析  

How Does Participating in Learning Activities Affect the Physical and Mental Health of the Elderly?——An Empirical Analysis Based on the CGSS Mixed Cross-Sectional Data

作　　者：马皓苓 MA Haoling(Liaoning Normal University,Dalian Liaoning 116029)

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学,辽宁大连116029

出　　处：《当代职业教育》2024年第2期94-104,共11页Contemporary Vocational Education

摘　　要：人口老龄化已成为我国人口发展趋势性特征之一,参与学习作为积极应对老龄化的一种重要手段,何以影响老年人的身心健康是一个值得深入探讨的问题。基于2018年和2021年中国综合社会调查(CGSS)的混合截面数据,使用Probit回归模型,实证检验了参与学习活动对老年人身心健康的影响,并采用改变计量模型、倾向得分匹配法(PSM)进行了稳健性检验。研究发现,参与学习对老年人身心健康状况均具有显著的正向提升作用。边际效应分析显示,参与学习能使老年人身体健康和心理健康的概率分别提升6.79%和4.06%。通过进一步的中介效应检验表明,个体的主观幸福感是影响老年人身心健康的重要因素。异质性分析结果显示,老年男性和60~69岁低龄老年人更能从参与学习活动中获得显著的身心健康双重收益。因此,在积极应对人口老龄化的背景下,应鼓励老年人积极参与学习活动,持续扩大老年教育资源供给,注重老年教育服务体系建设的公平性。Population aging has become one of the characteristic trends of China's population development.Participating in learning activities is an important means to respond to aging actively,and what kind of physical and mental health benefits it can bring to the elderly is a question worthy of in-depth discussion.Based on the mixed cross-sectional data of the Chinese General Social Survey(CGSS)in 2018 and 2021,using the probit regression model,this study empirically tests the impact of participating in learning activities on the physical and mental health of the elderly,and conducts robustness tests using alternative measurement models and propensity score matching(PSM).The study finds that participating in learning has a significant positive effect on the physical and mental health status of the elderly.Marginal effect analysis shows that participating in learning can increase the probability of physical and mental health for the elderly by 6.79%and 4.06%on average,respectively.Further mediation effect testing indicates that individual subjective well-being is an important mechanism for learning participation to affect the physical and mental health of the elderly.Heterogeneity analysis shows that elderly men and low-age elderly aged 60 to 69 can obtain significant dual benefits of physical and mental health from participating in learning activities.Therefore,under the background of actively responding to population aging,we should encourage the elderly to participate in learning activities actively,continue to expand the supply of educational resources for the elderly,and pay attention to the fairness of the construction of the elderly education service system.

关 键 词：老年教育 老年人 身心健康 老龄化社会 积极老龄化 

分 类 号：G720[文化科学—成人教育学]