基于反应精馏技术的乳酸乙酯工艺流程模拟与优化  

Simulation and Optimization of the Ethyl Lactate Synthesis Process Based on Reactive Distillation Technology

作　　者：刘春江[1] 黄江辉 陈妍希 尹天乐 项文雨 Liu Chunjiang;Huang Jianghui;Chen Yanxi;Yin Tianle;Xiang Wenyu(School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学化工学院,天津300350

出　　处：《天津大学学报（自然科学与工程技术版）》2024年第4期382-393,共12页Journal of Tianjin University：Science and Technology

基　　金：天津市自然科学基金资助项目(21JCQNJC00470).

摘　　要：提出了一种基于反应精馏技术制备乳酸乙酯的工艺流程.通过原料乙醇过量进料及乙醇脱水预处理的方法促进反应向右进行,提高乳酸乙酯产品的纯度;根据不同的乙醇-水共沸体系分离方法,建立了3种不同的乳酸乙酯工艺流程,即反应精馏-变压精馏(RD-PSD)流程、反应精馏-萃取精馏(RD-EX)流程和反应精馏-渗透汽化(RD-PV)流程;随后采用粒子群优化算法对各工艺流程进行多参数优化,以最小年总成本(TACmin)为优化目标,优化工艺流程参数,并对各流程进行经济和环境评价.结果表明:相较于RD-PSD流程和RD-EX流程,RD-PV流程有效降低了工艺投资,是一种极具潜力的节能低碳的乳酸乙酯工艺流程,较前两者其TAC分别降低了67.89%和29.33%,全局能量消耗(GEC)分别降低了70.17%和27.85%,CO_(2)排放量(ECO_(2))分别降低了68.36%和25.00%.This study presents a novel approach for synthesizing ethyl lactate based on reactive distillation technology.This approach employs ethanol dehydration pretreatment and excess raw ethanol feeding to overcome chemical equilibrium limitations,consequently enhancing the purity of ethyl lactate.Three different ethyl lactate processes were developed based on different methods of separating the ethanol-water azeotrope:reactive distillation-pressure swing distillation(RD-PSD)process,reactive distillation-extractive distillation(RD-EX)process,and reactive distillationpervaporation(RD-PV)process.Particle swarm optimization was employed to optimize the parameters of each process for the minimum total annual cost(TACmin).Subsequent economic and environmental evaluations performed for each process indicate that the RD-PV process is a promising,low-carbon approach for ethyl lactate synthesis that requires lower investment than either the RD-PSD or the RD-EX processes.The adoption of RD-PV reduced the TAC by 67.89%and 29.33%,respectively,as compared to the RD-PSD and RD-EX processes;a reduction of 70.17%and 27.85%,respectively,in the global energy consumption;and a reduction of 68.36%and 25.00%,respectively,in the CO_(2) emissions(ECO_(2)).

关 键 词：乳酸乙酯 反应精馏 共沸物 优化设计 渗透汽化 过程强化 

分 类 号：TQ028.8[化学工程]