渭北旱塬老藤酿酒葡萄资源的品种特性研究  

Research on Cultivar Characteristics of Old Vine Resources of Wine Grape in Wei Bei Arid Region

作　　者：张佳静 索雨洁 段冰冰 李雅善[1] 谭立杭 刘旭[1] 姜建福[3] 夏永秀 ZHANG Jiajing;SUO Yujie;DUAN Bingbing;LI Yashan;TAN Lihang;LIU Xu;JIANG Jianfu;XIA Yongxiu(College of Enology,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100;Shangri-La Liquor Co.,Ltd,Diqing,Yunnan 674400;Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou,Henan 450009;Experimental Center of Forestry in North China,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 102300)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学葡萄酒学院,陕西杨陵712100 [2]香格里拉酒业股份有限公司,云南迪庆674400 [3]中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所,河南郑州450009 [4]中国林业科学研究院华北林业实验中心,北京102300

出　　处：《核农学报》2024年第4期746-754,共9页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：陕西省农业协同创新与推广联盟重大科技项目(LMZD202105);陕西省重点研发计划项目(2022NY-118);西北农林科技大学试验示范站(基地)科技创新与成果转化项目(2021SFZ-06)。

摘　　要：为了保护与开发我国渭北旱塬地区的老藤酿酒葡萄种质资源,本研究以白玫瑰和红玫瑰两份老藤酿酒葡萄资源为材料,对其植物学特性、生长结果习性、枝条直立性、抗寒性、果实性状以及酿酒特性等进行了系统比较。结果表明,白玫瑰和红玫瑰葡萄枝条粗壮直立,与赤霞珠葡萄相比,其新梢木质部宽度明显增加,木质素分布区域更大,枝条机械性能与负荷能力更强,适合无架栽培。白玫瑰和红玫瑰葡萄萌芽率、结果枝率、结果系数、平均株产量均较高,两者丰产性均较好。白玫瑰和红玫瑰葡萄枝条均具有较强的抗低温能力,在渭北旱塬地区无需埋土防寒越冬。白玫瑰葡萄果皮淡绿色带有浅红晕,成熟果实还原糖和可滴定酸含量分别为195.17和5.97 g·L^(-1),果皮酚类物质含量较低,适合酿造清爽的干白葡萄酒;红玫瑰葡萄果皮紫红色,成熟果实还原糖和可滴定酸含量分别为208.33和3.64 g·L^(-1),果皮富含花色苷等酚类物质,可酿造清新的桃红葡萄酒。采用小容器酿造的干白葡萄酒酒度为11.12%(V/V),总酸含量为5.06 g·L^(-1),总糖含量为2.70 g·L^(-1);桃红葡萄酒酒度为12.97%(V/V),总酸含量为4.69 g·L^(-1),总糖含量为2.87 g·L^(-1)。两份老藤酿酒葡萄资源果实及其酿造的葡萄酒均具有玫瑰香味。本研究为酿酒葡萄新品种选育提供了一定的参考。To protect and develop the old vine resources of wine grape in the Wei Bei arid region,this study systematically compared the botanical characteristics,growth and development habits,cane uprightness,cold resistance,berry characteristics,and winemaking properties of Muscat Blanc and Muscat Rouge,two old vine resources of wine grape.The results showed that both Muscat Blanc and Muscat Rouge possessed strong and upright canes.Compared to Cabernet Sauvignon,the width of xylem in new shoots was significantly greater and the distribution area of lignin was wider.This improved the mechanical performance and load capacity of canes,making them suitable for non-trellis cultivation.Additionally,Muscat Blanc and Muscat Rouge had high budburst rates,fruiting shoot rates,fruiting coefficients and average yield per plant,suggesting their good productivity.Both Muscat Blanc and Muscat Rouge showed strong resistance to low temperatures and,therefore,did not require burying in soil to protect against winter cold in the Wei Bei arid region.The study also found that Muscat Blanc berries had light green skin with a slight red blush,a reducing sugar content of 195.17 g·L^(-1),and a titratable acidity of 5.97 g·L^(-1) at the mature stage.These berries had a low content of phenolic compounds,making them suitable for producing refreshing dry white wine.The matured berries of Muscat Rouge had purple-red skin,a reducing sugar content of 208.33 g·L^(-1),and a titratable acidity of 3.64 g·L^(-1).These berries had a high content of phenolic compounds,making them suitable for producing fresh rose wine.Lastly,the dry white wine made from small containers showed an alcohol content of 11.12%(V/V),a total acidity of 5.06 g·L^(-1),and a total sugar content of 2.70 g·L^(-1).The rose wine had an alcohol content of 12.97%(V/V),a total acidity of 4.69 g·L^(-1),and a total sugar content of 2.87 g·L^(-1).The grape berries and produced wines of the two old vine resources had a rose flavor.The results of this study provide some guidance for the bre

关 键 词：老藤 酿酒葡萄 品种特性 直立性 无架栽培 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]