化控对玉米带状间作大豆主茎分枝光合特性、物质积累及产量的影响  

Effects of Chemical Control on Photosynthetic Characteristics,Matter Accumulation and Yield of Main Stem and Branch in Maize Strip Intercropping with Soybean

作　　者：袁晓婷 罗凯 刘姗姗 彭新月 杨立达 王小春[1] 杨文钰[1] 雍太文[1] YUAN Xiaoting;LUO Kai;LIU Shanshan;PENG Xinyue;YANG Lida;WANG Xiaochun;YANG Wenyu;YONG Taiwen(College of Agronomy,Sichuan Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System,Chengdu,Sichuan 611130)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学农学院/农业农村部西南作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室/四川省作物带状复合种植工程技术研究中心,四川成都611130

出　　处：《核农学报》2024年第4期776-784,共9页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川省科技计划(2021YFYZ0005);国家现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-04-PS20)。

摘　　要：为充分挖掘化控技术对带状间作系统中大豆的增产潜力,本研究以大豆-玉米带状间作为研究对象,以南豆25为试验材料,通过在大豆4节期(V4)叶面喷施不同植物生长调节剂[抑芽丹(MH)、吲哚-3-乙酸(IAA)、6-苄氨基嘌呤(6-BA)、24-表油菜素内酯(EBR)、三碘苯甲酸(TIBA)、烯效唑(S3307)、胺鲜酯(DTA-6)]及清水(CK),探究调节剂对大豆主茎和分枝结构上的光合特性、干物质积累分配及产量的影响。结果表明,调节剂处理提高了带状间作大豆主茎和分枝叶片SPAD值、净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率,EBR、S3307和DTA-6处理下大豆的叶面积指数、干物质积累量和群体产量显著高于CK。各调节剂中以DTA-6协调主茎与分枝生长关系的效果最好,该处理下盛荚期(R4)大豆主茎和分枝的干物质积累量分别较CK增加15.62%和30.24%,完熟期分枝荚果分配率最高。产量结果也表明,DTA-6处理下分枝粒数和百粒重达到最大,使大豆群体产量较CK提高26.01%~32.61%。综上,DTA-6能够改善带状间作大豆主茎和分枝叶片光合特性,促进干物质积累分配及产量形成。本研究为化控在带状间作大豆中的推广应用提供了理论参考与技术支撑。To fully excavate the potential of chemical regulation technology in increasing soybean yield within strip intercropping system,the soybean-maize strip intercropping system was used as the research object,and Nandou 25 as the experimental material.Different plant growth regulators were selected,including maleic hydrazide(MH),indole-3-acetic acid(IAA),6-benzylaminopurine(6-BA),24-epibrassioolide(EBR),2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid(TIBA),uniconazole(S3307),diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate(DTA-6),and water as the control treatment(CK),and sprayed on soybean leaves at the fourth trifoliolate stage(V4).The experiment aimed to explore the effects of different regulators on soybean photosynthesis,dry matter accumulation and allocation and yield at main stem and branch structure of soybean.The results indicated that all regulators increased the soybean SPAD value,net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,and transpiration rate of the main stem and branch leaves.Specifically,EBR,S3307,and DTA-6 significantly increased soybean leaf area index,dry matter accumulation,and population yield compared to CK.In all regulators,DTA-6 exhibited superior performance in coordinating stem and branch growth,the dry matter accumulation of main stem and branches of soybean in R4 stage was increased by 15.62%and 30.24%compared with CK,and the branch pods allocation rate was the highest at mature stage.The yield results also showed that the branch seeds and 100-seed weight reached the maximum under DTA-6 treatment,and the soybean population yield increased by 26.01%-32.61%more than CK.In summary,DTA-6 improved photosynthetic characteristics of main stem and branch leaves of soybean in strip intercropping,and promote dry matter accumulation and allocation and yield formation.This study provides valuable theoretical references and technical support for applying chemical control in strip intercropping soybean.

关 键 词：带状间作大豆 调节剂 光合 干物质 产量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S565.1