试论永州方言的程度副词“蛮”“死”“晓了”  

On Degree Adverbs "Man" "Si" and "Xiaole" in Yongzhou Dialect

作　　者：施嫣 SHI Yan(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian Liaoning,116081,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学文学院,辽宁大连116081

出　　处：《文化创新比较研究》2024年第3期40-45,共6页Comparative Study of Cultural Innovation

摘　　要：永州方言是湘方言中生动鲜活的一部分。永州方言有大量表示程度的副词,该文选取了“蛮”“死”“晓了”三个使用频率较高的特色程度副词,通过列举、比较的方法,分别对它们的语义语用、组合功能和句法功能进行深入分析。在词义方面,它们基本意皆为“极;很;非常”,表高程度,从程度差别上说,“死”最高,“晓了”略低于“死”,“蛮”的程度最浅;在组合功能上,它们主要修饰形容词和动词;在语法功能上,都可以和形容词或动词组合后充当谓语、宾语、补语;在语用功能上,“死”“晓了”可以用来凸显夸张色彩、表达主观感情,“蛮”则带有一种委婉的语气。Yongzhou dialect is a vivid part of Xiang dialect.There are a large number of adverbs of degree in Yongzhou dialect.This paper selects three adverbs of degree with high frequency of use,"man""si"and"xiaole",and analyzes their semantic and pragmatic functions,combinatorial functions and syntactic functions by listing and comparing them.In addition to analyzing their respective characteristics,the similarities and differences in their combinatorial functions,syntactic functions and semantic colors are also compared.In terms of meaning,they basically mean"extreme;very",indicating a high degree.In terms of degree difference,"si"is the highest,"xiaole"is slightly lower than"si",and"man"is the shallowest.In combination function,they mainly modify adjectives and verbs.In grammatical function,combined with adjectives or verbs,they can be used as predicates,objects,and complements.In terms of pragmatic function,"si"and"xiaole"can be used to highlight exaggerated colors and express subjective feelings,while"man"has a euphemistic tone.

关 键 词：永州方言 程度副词 语法化 “蛮” “死” “晓了” 

分 类 号：H172.3[语言文字—汉语]