泰国素可泰王朝衰落原因新探  

A New Exploration of the Reasons for the Decline of the Sukhothai Dynasty in Thailand

作　　者：田昌丽 张睿 TIAN Changli;ZHANG Rui(Yuxi Normal University,Yuxi Yunnan,653100,China)

机构地区：[1]玉溪师范学院,云南玉溪653100

出　　处：《文化创新比较研究》2024年第4期75-80,共6页Comparative Study of Cultural Innovation

摘　　要：泰国历史上的第一个王朝——素可泰王朝是泰国政治和经济制度的开端,对泰国文化和历史研究起着重要的作用。该文重点探究了导致素可泰王朝后期衰落的综合原因,即中央集权分散,导致各个属国纷纷独立;统治阶层内部矛盾激化,使得中央对周边地区的统治权力虚化;统治阶层沉迷宗教,导致思想意志软弱;属国及边城强大的割据势力削弱了素可泰王朝的军事实力;都城选址弊端严重,地形和地势不利于农业发展;处于兰那王朝与后期兴起的阿瑜陀耶王朝之间,腹背受敌,易受攻击;经济结构单一,以农业生产为主;对外贸易发展路线受到封锁;阿瑜陀耶王朝势力扩张等。该文从都城选址、统治者沉迷宗教、多边贸易被封锁等方面对素可泰王朝衰落原因进行新的补充,以期为泰国历史的研究提供参考。The Sukhothai Dynasty,the first dynasty in Thai history,was the beginning of Thailand's political and economic system and played an important role in the study of Thai culture and history.The article focuses on exploring the comprehensive reasons that led to the decline of the Sukhothai dynasty in the later period,namely the decentralization of centralization,which led to the independence of various vassal states.The intensification of internal contradictions within the ruling class has led to the weakening of the central government's ruling power over surrounding areas.The ruling class is addicted to religion,leading to weak ideological will.The powerful separatist forces of the vassal states and border cities weakened the military strength of the Sukhothai dynasty.The location of the capital city has serious drawbacks,and the terrain and topography are not conducive to agricultural development.Located between the Lana Dynasty and the later rising Ayutthaya Dynasty,they were vulnerable to attacks from both sides.The economic structure is single,with agricultural production as the main focus.The development route of foreign trade is blocked.The expansion of the power of the Ayutthaya dynasty.This article provides new supplements to the reasons for the decline of the Sukhothai dynasty from the aspects of capital site selection,rulers'addiction to religion,and the blockade of multilateral trade,in order to provide reference for the study of Thai history.

关 键 词：素可泰王朝 中央集权 统治阶层 空虚 衰落 势力 

分 类 号：G633.52[文化科学—教育学]