人工智能与大数据时代多维度的语言运用研究  

A Multi-dimensional Study of Language Usage in the Era of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data

作　　者：郑伟[1] 刘婧婧 Zheng Wei;Liu Jingjing

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学中国语言文学系/语言认知与演化教学实验室,上海200241

出　　处：《当代修辞学》2024年第2期45-59,共15页Contemporary Rhetoric

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目(项目编号:18ZDA296);国家社科基金专项项目(项目编号:23VTS013);上海市教育委员会科研创新计划人文社科重大项目(项目编号:2019-01-07-00-05-E00049);华东师范大学新文科创新平台建设项目(第二轮)(项目编号:2022ECNU-XWK-XK005)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：人工智能、大型语言模型等科技浪潮给语言学带来了研究范式的革新,也给聚焦于语言运用能力探索的修辞学、语用学等相关学科构建了异于传统风格的研究维度。文章首先评述了近年来计算机科学与技术对自然语言中语用含义的生成与理解的研究;其次阐述了从语言生理、认知心理等普遍机制层面展开的基于言语障碍的神经语用学、儿童语言运用能力研究;再次从个案分析和研究趋势两方面,介绍了基于泛时观与大型语料库的语言运用研究;最后就语言运用在大数据时代应有的研究理念、范式与目标作了总结与展望,并强调从语言结构出发,以认知心理和语言生理为研究方法的必要性。Technological waves such as artificial intelligence and large language models have revolutionized the paradigm of linguistic research.This transformation has provided new dimensions to disciplines like rhetoric and pragmatics,which focus on exploring language usage abilities but has also significantly impacted the methodologies and scopes of inquiry within these fields.This paper firstly reviews the recent researches in computer science and technology concerning the generation and comprehension of pragmatic meaning in natural language,then studies on neuropragmatics based on speech disorders and children's language usage abilities,approached from the perspective of general mechanisms such as language physiology and cognitive psychology.Thirdly,it studies the language usage diachronically based on the view of pan-chronic and large-scale corpora.Finally,the paper summarizes and forecasts the requisite research principles,paradigms,and objectives for studying language usage in the era of big data,emphasizing the importance of grounding research in language structures while utilizing cognitive psychology and language physiology as foundational methodologies.

关 键 词：语言运用 语言生成与理解 人工智能 多维度研究 语法能力与语用能力 

分 类 号：H08[语言文字—语言学] TP18[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程] TP391.1[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]