基于多尺度特征增强的合成孔径光学图像复原  

Synthetic aperture optical image restoration based on multi-scale feature enhancement

作　　者：张银胜 童俊毅[2] 陈戈 单梦姣 王硕洋 单慧琳 Zhang Yin-Sheng;Tong Jun-Yi;Chen Ge;Shan Meng-Jiao;Wang Shuo-Yang;Shan Hui-Lin(Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Integrated Circuit Reliability Technology and Testing System,Wuxi University,Wuxi 214105,China;School of Electronic and Information Engineering,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China)

机构地区：[1]无锡学院江苏省集成电路可靠性技术及检测系统工程研究中心,无锡214105 [2]南京信息工程大学电子信息工程学院,南京210044

出　　处：《物理学报》2024年第6期209-221,共13页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:62071240,62106111)资助的课题。

摘　　要：受物理孔径大小和光线散射等影响,合成孔径光学系统成像因通光面积不足和相位失真而出现降质模糊.传统合成孔径光学系统成像复原算法对噪声敏感,过于依赖退化模型,自适应性差.对此提出一种基于生成对抗网络的光学图像复原方法,采用U-Net结构获取图像多级尺度特征,利用基于自注意力的混合域注意力提高网络在空间、通道上的特征提取能力,构造多尺度特征融合模块和特征增强模块,融合不同尺度特征间的信息,优化了编解码层的信息交互方式,增强了整体网络对原始图像真实结构的关注力,避免在复原过程中被振铃现象产生的伪影干扰.实验结果表明,与其他现有方法相比,该方法在峰值信噪比、结构相似性和感知相似度评估指标上分别提高了1.51%,4.42%和5.22%,有效解决合成孔径光学系统成像结果模糊退化的问题.With the wide applications of high-resolution imaging technology in topographic mapping,astronomical observation,and military reconnaissance and other fields,the requirements for imaging resolution of optical system are becoming higher and higher.According to the diffraction limit and Rayleigh criterion,the imaging resolution of the optical system is proportional to the size of the aperture of the system,but affected by the material and the processing of the optical component:the single aperture of the optical system cannot be infinitely enlarged.Therefore the synthetic aperture technology is proposed to replace the single large aperture optical system.Owing to the effect of sub-aperture arrangement and light scattering,the imaging of synthetic aperture optical system will be degraded because of insufficient light area and phase distortion.The traditional imaging restoration algorithm of synthetic aperture optical system is sensitive to noise,overly relies on degraded model,requires a lot of manually designed models,and has poor adaptability.To solve this problem,a multiscale feature enhancement method of restoring the synthetic aperture optical image is proposed in this work.UNet is used to obtain multi-scale feature,and self-attention in mixed domain is used to improve the ability of of the network to extract the features in space and channel.Multi-scale feature fusion module and feature enhancement module are constructed to fuse the information between features on different scales.The information interaction mode of the codec layer is optimized,the attention of the whole network to the real structure of the original image is enhanced,and the artifact interference caused by ringing is avoided in the process of restoration.The final experimental results are 1.51%,4.42%and 5.22%higher than those from the advanced deep learning algorithms in the evaluation indexes of peak signal-to-noise ratio,structural similarity and perceived similarity,respectively.In addition,the method presented in this work has a good resto

关 键 词：图像处理 合成孔径 多尺度 特征融合 

分 类 号：TP391.41[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术] O439[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]