不同覆膜栽培方式对黄芪产量的影响研究  

Effect of Different Mulching Cultivation Methods on the Yield of Astragalus chinensis

作　　者：纪晓玲[1] 毛端 唐明辉 韩翠 刘娇娇 郑随军 JI Xiao-ling;MAO Duan;TANG Ming-hui;HAN Cui;LIU Jiao-jiao;ZHENG Sui-jun(School of Life Sciences,Yulin University,Yulin 719000,China;Yulin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicina Quality Identification and Test,Yulin 719000,China)

机构地区：[1]榆林学院生命科学学院,陕西榆林719000 [2]榆林市中药材品质鉴定与检测检验重点实验室,陕西榆林719000

出　　处：《榆林学院学报》2024年第2期41-45,共5页Journal of Yulin University

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展基金陕西省工程技术研究中心项目(2022ZY2-GCZX-05);陕西省农业农村厅科技创新驱动项目(2022NYT01);榆林市科技局产学研合作项目(CXY-2021-83)。

摘　　要：为探索适宜榆林黄芪的移栽栽培方式,以黄芪为研究对象,设置起垄栽培(QL)、膜际栽培(MJ)、双垄沟栽培(SL)和露地栽培(CK)4个处理。分析CK、QL、MJ、SL对黄芪土壤温度、土壤含水量、农艺性状、干物质量和产量的影响。结果表明:5~20 cm土壤温度,返青期MJ和QL同温,比SL、CK分别增温0.25℃、1℃,花期MJ比QL、SL、CK温度分别降0.75℃、2.63℃、0.125℃;0~60 cm全生育期土壤含水量,MJ比QL、SL、CK高2%、2%、14%;株高和冠幅,荚果期MJ显著高于QL、SL和CK,茎粗MJ显著高于CK,与QL、SL无显著性差异,比QL、SL增粗0.22 mm、0.71 mm;干物质量,MJ显著高于其他3个处理;主根长、根鲜重、根干重、总根数,MJ显著高于QL、SL和CK,MJ产量显著高于SL和CK,与QL无显著性差异,较QL、SL和CK分别增产2%、20%、18%。综上,MJ为榆林平栽黄芪适宜的栽培方式。In order to explore suitable transplanting methods for Astragalus in Yulin,this study set up four treatments,namely,ridge cultivation(QL),inter-membrane cultivation(MJ),double-monopoly furrow cultivation(SL),and open field cultivation(CK).The effects of CK,QL,MJ and SL on soil temperature,soil moisture content,agronomic traits,dry matter quality and yield of Astragalus were studied.The results showed that about 5~20 cm soil temperature,MJ and QL were the same temperature during the greening period,which increased 0.25℃and 1℃than SL and CK,respectively,and the temperature of MJ during the flowering period decreased 0.75℃,2.63℃,and 0.125℃compared with that of QL,SL,and CK,respectively;soil water content during the whole life span of 0~60 cm was 2%,2%,and 14%higher in MJ than that of QL,SL,and CK;plant height and crown width during the podding period were significantly higher in MJ than that in QL,SL,and CK.MJ was significantly higher than QL,SL and CK;stem thickness,MJ was significantly higher than CK,with no significant difference with QL and SL,and 0.22 mm and 0.71 mm thicker than QL and SL;about dry matter mass,MJ was significantly higher than the other three treatments;about primary root length,root fresh weight,root dry weight,and total root number,MJ was significantly higher than QL,SL and CK;MJ yield was significantly higher than SL and CK,with no significant difference with QL,and increased yield by 2%,20%and 18%compared with QL,SL and CK,respectively.In conclusion,MJ is a suitable cultivation method for Astragalus in Yulin.

关 键 词：黄芪 栽培方式 土壤温度 土壤含水量 产量 

分 类 号：S567.23[农业科学—中草药栽培]