植物组织培养诱导的DNA甲基化的研究进展  

Research progress on DNA methylation induced by plant tissue culture

作　　者：郭春东 孙善文 解莉楠[1,2] GUO Chundong;SUN Shanwen;XIE Linan(College of Life Science,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China;Key Laboratory of Saline‐alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration,Ministry of Education,Harbin 150040,China;State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学生命科学学院,哈尔滨150040 [2]东北盐碱植被恢复与重建教育部重点实验室,哈尔滨150040 [3]林木遗传育种国家重点实验室(东北林业大学),哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《植物生理学报》2024年第1期75-83,共9页Plant Physiology Journal

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金联合引导项目(LH2021C005);国家自然科学基金(62001088);中央高校项目(2572022BD04);“十四五”国家重点研发计划(2021YFD2200103)。

摘　　要：植物组织培养是农作物改良、育种和繁殖的重要手段之一。基于细胞全能性,利用组织、器官或细胞等材料可获得基因型和表型相同的再生植株。植物组织培养过程给予了植物特定的环境压力,组织培养产生的再生植株也会出现一些表型的变异,进一步研究发现这些表型的变异与表观遗传修饰变化密切相关。其中,DNA甲基化导致体细胞无性系变异的研究最为广泛。本文主要综述了不同发生途径的植物组织培养中DNA甲基化变化的最新研究进展,重点关注在基因组水平上与体细胞无性系变异相关的DNA甲基化模式的变化情况,这些研究结果有助于利用表观遗传育种,创制优良种质,推动作物育种与改良。Plant tissue culture is one of the important methods of crop improvement,breeding and reproduction.Based on totipotency,tissue culture regenerants from tissues,organs or cells always look similar genotypically and phenotypically.Specific microenvironmental stress imposed to explants could result in some phenotypic variation.Further studies found that these phenotypic variations are closely related to epigenetic modification changes.The research of DNA methylation leading to somatic clonal variation is the most extensive research.This paper mainly reviewed the latest research of DNA methylation changes in plant tissue culture with different approaches focusing on changes of DNA methylation patterns associated with somatic clonal variation at the genomic level.These findings will contribute to promote crop improvement and produce excellent germplasm with epigenetic breeding strategy.

关 键 词：作物育种 植物组织培养 DNA甲基化 体细胞无性系变异 

分 类 号：Q943.1[生物学—植物学]