高速飞行器气动外形设计方法综述  

A review of aerodynamic layout design methods for high-speed flight aircraft

作　　者：李昊 廖志刚 杨令飞[1] 潘幸华 Li Hao;Liao Zhigang;Yang Lingfei;Pan Xinghua(Beijing Electro-mechanical Engineering Institute,Beijing 100074,China)

机构地区：[1]北京机电工程研究所,北京100074

出　　处：《空天技术》2024年第1期23-35,共13页Aerospace Technology

摘　　要：高速飞行器无论作为武器还是运载器都具备巨大潜力,掌握高速飞行技术意味着占领了航空航天领域的制高点。针对高速飞行器气动设计过程展开讨论,其主要流程为设计基准外形、外形参数化、气动特性计算以及迭代优化。介绍了目前高速飞行器的常见气动外形以及一些新型气动外形设想,在参数化方法方面分析了样条方法、型函数法、CST法及自由变形算法的原理及优缺点,对目前获取气动特性的方法作了简要说明,介绍了气动优化过程中的优化算法。目前来看,高速飞行器的设计过程仍具有缺乏系统性、迭代周期长的缺点,但随着计算机不断发展,理论不断进化,面向工程的高速飞行器气动外形设计方法将会越来越完善。Whether it is used as weapons or as carriers,the high-speed aircraft has a broad development.Mastering hypersonic technology means occupying the commanding heights of the aerospace field.The design process of high-speed flight vehicle is discussed.The main process included the design of reference shape,shape parameterization,the calculation of aerodynamic characteristic and iterative optimization.The aerodynamic shapes of high-speed flight vehicles and some new aerodynamic shapes are introduced.In terms of parameterization methods,the principles and characteristics of the spline method,linear shape function,CST method and Free-Form Deformation are analyzed.The current methods of obtaining aerodynamic characteristics are introduced.The optimization algorithm in the process of aerodynamic optimization is introduced.At present,high-speed flight vehicles still have the shortcomings of lack of systematic and long iteration period.However,with the continuous development of both computers and theories,the design method of aerodynamic shape for engineering high-speed flight vehicles will be more and more perfect.

关 键 词：高速飞行器 参数化方法 数值模拟 风洞试验 气动优化 

分 类 号：V211.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]