年龄和受教育程度对我国老年男性人群吸烟率的影响  

Impact of Age and Educational Level on Smoking Rates Among Elderly Chinese Men

作　　者：李思思 肖晓华 王嵌 阮姝珂 杨芊[1] LI Sisi(Department of Social Medicine,School of Public Health,Zhejiang University School of Medicine,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学医学院公共卫生学院社会医学系,浙江杭州310058 [2]浙江大学医学院公共卫生学院预防医学系,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《医学与社会》2024年第3期53-58,共6页Medicine and Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目,编号为71974170;浙江省领军型创新创业团队项目,编号为2019R01007;浙江省“万人计划”青年拔尖人才项目。

摘　　要：目的:探讨我国老年男性人群年龄和受教育程度对其吸烟率的影响,为完善老年男性人群的控烟政策提供参考。方法:利用2020年中国健康与养老追踪调查数据,纳入60岁及以上老年男性人群3459人,采用χ^(2)检验和logistic回归分析等方法分析年龄及受教育程度对老年男性人群吸烟率的影响。结果:年龄越大,老年男性人群的吸烟率越低(β=-0.03,P<0.01),年龄对其吸烟率有显著的负向作用。受教育程度(教育年限≥10年)和年龄的交互项显著(β=-0.05,P<0.05),教育水平在老年男性人群年龄和吸烟率之间具有显著的调节作用。结论:我国老年男性人群的年龄越大,吸烟率越低;随着教育年限的增加,老年男性人群的吸烟率逐渐降低;随着年龄的增长,吸烟率下降的幅度随着教育年限的增加逐渐升高。未来的控烟政策应在加大对我国老年男性吸烟人群关注的基础上,区分不同的年龄和受教育程度,针对性地设计控烟干预如针对受教育程度较低的高龄老年人群,应考虑其特征设计更通俗易懂、可接受的控烟教育内容,提升控烟教育效果。Objective:To investigate the impact of age and educational level on smoking rates among elderly Chinese men,so as to provide references for refining tobacco control policies for the elderly male population.Methods:Utilizing data from the 2020 China health and retirement longitudinal study,a total of 3459 elderly men aged 60 and above were included for data analysis.Various statistical methods,such asχ^(2) tests and logistic regression analysis,were employed to analyze the influence of age and educational attainment on smoking rates among the elderly male population.Results:The study revealed that the older the age,the lower the smoking rate in the older male population(β=-0.03,P<0.01),indicating a significant negative impact of age on smoking rates among the elderly population.Furthermore,there was a significant interaction effect between high education levels(≥10 years)and age(β=-0.05,P<0.05),signifying a notable moderating effect of education levels on the relationship between age and smoking rates among the elderly men.Conclusion:Among Chinese elderly men,smoking rates decrease with increasing age.Additionally,as the number of years of education increases,smoking rates gradually decline.The magnitude of the decrease in smoking rates with age becomes more pronounced with higher levels of education.Future tobacco control policies should focus on the elderly male smoking population in China,taking into account different age groups and educational backgrounds to design targeted tobacco control intervention such as for the elderly population with low education level,it is necessary to consider their characteristics to design more easy-to-understand and acceptable tobacco control education content to improve the effect of tobacco control education.

关 键 词：吸烟 受教育程度 老年人 男性 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生]