不同施肥对旱地小扁豆农艺性状及经济效益的影响  

Effects of Different Fertilization on Agronomic Traits and Economic Benefits of Lens culinaris in Dryland

作　　者：高雅 郭凤霞[1] 陈垣[1,2,3] 崔林刚 周洋 GAO Ya;GUO Fengxia;CHEN Yuan;CUI Lingang;ZHOU Yang(College of Life Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science,Key Laboratory of Standardized Production Technology Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicinal Materials of Gansu Province,Engineering Research Center of Cultivation and Breeding of Medicinal Plants of Gansu Province,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070;Agronomy College,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070;Tianjin Key Lab of Modern Chinese Medicine Resource Research Enterprise,Tianjin Tasly Modern Chinese Medicine Resources Co.,Ltd,Tianjin 300410)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院/省部共建干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室/甘肃省中药材规范化生产技术创新重点实验室/甘肃省药用植物栽培/育种工程研究中心,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州730070 [3]天津市现代中药资源研究企业重点实验室/天津天士力现代中药资源有限公司,天津300410

出　　处：《热带农业工程》2024年第1期77-84,共8页Tropical Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学地区基金(No.31560175,31360317);国家重点研发计划(No.2018YFC1706301);教育部精准扶贫项目(No.XZ20190326);甘肃省农业农村厅中药材专项计划(No.2022GSCYJQ07-33、GARS-ZYC-1,XZ20190409);甘肃农业大学SRTP项目(No.202001011);省级大学生创新训练项目(No.201810733232);甘肃省现代农业中药材产业体系首席专家(No.GARS-ZYC-1);当归GAP基地建设项目。

摘　　要：为了探寻小扁豆合理安全施肥方案,在旱地基施不同量有机肥(O1:750 kg/hm^(2);O2:1500 kg/hm^(2);O3:2250 kg/hm^(2);O4:3000 kg/hm^(2);O5:3750 kg/hm^(2))、化肥和有机肥混合(C+O:161.7 kg/hm^(2)+1500 kg/hm^(2))、单施化肥(C:161.7 kg/hm^(2)),以不施肥(CK)为对照。通过测定出苗率、生长发育指标并在采收期测定产量指标,最后对各处理进行综合因子评判。发现在纯有机肥O3栽培条件下小扁豆出苗率最高为87.85%,农艺性状明显优化,产量最高1356.30 kg/hm^(2),较CK和C分别显著增产32.68%和33.04%。处理CK株幅、一级分枝数均最大,但结荚率较低,经济产量低。处理C小扁豆茎粗、一级分枝数、生物量和产量均较低。纯施有机肥对小扁豆具有显著增效作用,有机肥施用量以2250 kg/hm^(2)为宜,建议在小扁豆标准化栽培中推荐应用,以改变经济作物依赖化肥的生产现状,促进粮食绿色有机栽培。In order to explore a reasonable and safe fertilization scheme for Lens culinaris,different amounts of basal organic fertilizer(O1:750 kg/hm^(2);O2:1500 kg/hm^(2);O3:2250 kg/hm^(2);O4:3000 kg/hm^(2);O5:3750 kg/hm^(2)),chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer mixture(C+O:161.7 kg/hm^(2)+1500 kg/hm^(2)),chemical fertilizer alone(C:161.7 kg/hm^(2)),and no fertilization(CK)as control.By measuring the emergence rate,growth and development indicators,the yield indicators were measured during the harvest period.Finally,the comprehensive factor evaluation of each treatment was carried out.The results showed that seedling emergence rate of Lens culinaris under pure organic fertilizer O3 was the highest(87.85%),agronomic traits were significantly optimized,and the yield was the highest(1356.30 kg/hm^(2)),which was 32.68%and 33.04%higher than CK and C.The plant size and the number of primary branches in CK treatment were the largest,but the pod setting rate and economic yield were lower.The stem diameter,number of primary branches,biomass and yield of Lens culinaris in treatment C were lower.Pure organic fertilizer had a significant synergistic effect on Lens culinaris,and the appropriate application rate of organic fertilizer was 2250 kg/hm^(2).It was recommended that the organic fertilizer should be applied in the standardized cultivation of Lens culinaris,so as to change the production status of economic crops that rely on chemical fertilizers and promote the green organic cultivation of grain.

关 键 词：小扁豆 农艺性状 有机肥 经济效益 

分 类 号：S529[农业科学—作物学]