疫情后期青少年的抑郁和焦虑变迁趋势及其潜在因果:一项追踪研究  

A longitudinal study on depression and anxiety among Chinese adolescents in the late phase of the COVID-19 pandemic:The trajectories,antecedents,and outcomes

作　　者：杨之旭 彭海云 辛素飞 YANG Zhixu;PENG Haiyun;XIN Sufei(School of Labor Economics,Capital University of Economics and Business,Beijing 100070,China;School of Psychology,Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China;School of Educational Science,Ludong University,Yantai 264025,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for the Mental Health of Youth from the Era of Conversion of New and Old Kinetic Energy along the Yellow River Basin〔Ludong University〕,Yantai 264025,China)

机构地区：[1]首都经济贸易大学劳动经济学院,北京100070 [2]北京体育大学心理学院,北京100084 [3]鲁东大学教育科学学院 [4]新旧动能转换与黄河流域青少年心理健康协同创新中心〔鲁东大学〕,烟台264025

出　　处：《心理学报》2024年第4期482-496,共15页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目(20CSH070);山东省高等学校青创科技支持计划(2021RW002);首都经济贸易大学北京市属高校基本科研业务费专项资金(XRZ2023069)。

摘　　要：在新冠疫情初期,青少年抑郁、焦虑问题急剧恶化,而疫情后期青少年抑郁、焦虑的发展状况尚不清晰。结合我国疫情发展趋势,本研究采用流调中心抑郁量表、焦虑自评量表、心理韧性量表、亲社会倾向量表收集了疫情后期我国1170名中学生三次数据(T1=2021年5月;T2=2021年11月;T3=2022年5月),并借助潜在增长曲线模型对疫情后期青少年抑郁、焦虑的变化轨迹、性别差异及其潜在因果进行探讨。结果表明,疫情后期青少年的抑郁、焦虑水平逐渐下降,且男生和女生的变化轨迹无显著差异;心理韧性对抑郁、焦虑的初始水平及其变化轨迹均有显著的预测作用,即T1的心理韧性水平越高,T1的抑郁与焦虑水平越低,此后抑郁和焦虑的下降速度也越快。此外,青少年抑郁的初始水平及其变化趋势均能够负向预测T3的亲社会倾向,即T1抑郁水平越高,T3亲社会倾向越低;抑郁下降速度越快,T3亲社会倾向越高。总之,在疫情后期,我国青少年心理健康变化呈向好趋势,这一发现可为青少年的心理健康服务体系提供经验证据。During the COVID-19 pandemic,all age groups’mental health has substantially declined.Compared to other age groups,the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescent mental health problems was more salient,particularly on depression and anxiety.Previous studies,which were primarily conducted during the phase of COVID-19 pandemic,have mainly covered the first and second phases of COVID-19-related prevention and containment in China,without adequate attention being paid to the third and fourth phases of COVID-19-related prevention and containment in China.Currently,there are three competing hypotheses for the longitudinal trajectories of depression and anxiety among Chinese adolescents in the post-COVID era,making the construction of the mental health monitoring system and the mental health service system for adolescents in China“blind spots”.Based on developmental contextualism and three-dimensional theoretical framework of mental health change,the present study thus investigated the developmental trajectories of depression and anxiety among adolescents,as well as the potential antecedent(psychological resilience)and outcome(prosocial tendency)of such trajectories in the late phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in China.In this study,1170 adolescents in Shandong province were assessed at three time points with a six-month interval(Time 1=May 2021;Time 2=November 2021;Time 3=May 2022)from the normalization period of the pandemic through self-report questionnaires.The adolescents completed Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale during the three measurements.Furthermore,all adolescents completed the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale at Time 1 and Prosocial Tendencies Measure at Time 3.Attrition analyses,common method bias analyses,and descriptive statistics were analyzed by SPSS software.The trajectories of depression and anxiety,as well as their associated antecedent(i.e.,psychological resilience)and outcome(i.e.,prosocial tendency)were further analyzed via latent growth curve

关 键 词：青少年 抑郁 焦虑 心理韧性 亲社会倾向 

分 类 号：R395[哲学宗教—心理学]