不同干燥方式对灵芝子实体干燥品质的影响  

Effects of Different Drying Methods on the Drying Quality of Ganoderma lucidum Fruit Body

作　　者：张明[1] 孟晓峰[1] 吴茂玉[1] 和法涛[1] 范祺 张博华 王崇队 马超[1] ZHANG Ming;MENG Xiaofeng;WU Maoyu;HE Fatao;FAN Qi;ZHANG Bohua;WANG Chongdui;MA Chao(Jinan Fruit Research Institute,All China Supply&Marketing Cooperatives,Jinan 250014,China)

机构地区：[1]中华全国供销合作总社济南果品研究所,山东济南250014

出　　处：《中国果菜》2024年第3期43-47,共5页China Fruit & Vegetable

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划项目(2022TZXD0033);泰山产业领军人才工程高效生态农业创新类项目(LJNY202105)。

摘　　要：采用热风干燥、热泵干燥、微波热泵耦合干燥、热泵梯度升温干燥、热泵梯度降温干燥等干燥方式,探究不同干燥方式对灵芝子实体感官、营养及理化品质的影响。结果表明,微波12 min+60℃热泵干燥脱水效率最高,较单一热风干燥至少缩短180 min;微波4 min+60℃热泵干燥色泽保持相对较好;微波12 min+60℃热泵干燥粗多糖含量最高,较60℃热风干燥提高了63.26%;热泵梯度降温干燥对DPPH自由基的清除能力最强;60℃热泵干燥水溶性指数最高。从提高生产效率和营养成分保留率角度考虑,优先选择微波12 min+60℃热泵干燥方式;从产品良好色泽角度考虑,优先选择微波4 min+60℃热泵干燥方式;从产品良好功能活性角度考虑,优先选择热泵梯度降温干燥、60℃热泵干燥方式,为灵芝子实体干燥方式的选择提供理论依据。Hot air drying,heat pump drying,microwave heat pump coupling drying,heat pump gradient heating drying,heat pump gradient cooling drying and other drying methods were used to explore the effects of different drying methods on the sensory,nutritional and physical and chemical quality of Ganoderma lucidum fruit body.The results showed that the dehydration efficiency of microwave 12 min+60℃heat pump was the highest,which was at least 180 min shorter than that of single hot air drying.Microwave 4 min+60℃heat pump color retention was relatively good.The content of crude polysaccharide was the highest when microwave heat pump drying for 12 min+60℃,which was 63.26%higher than that when hot air drying at 60℃.Heat pump gradient cooling drying DPPH free radical scavenging ability was the strongest.The water solubility index of 60℃heat pump was the highest.In order to improve the production efficiency and nutrient retention rate,the microwave 12 min+60℃heat pump combined drying method was preferred.Considering the good color and quality of the product,the microwave 4 min+60℃heat pump combined drying method was preferred.From the perspective of good functional activity quality of the product,the heat pump gradient cooling drying and 60 C heat pump drying methods were preferred to provide a theoretical basis for the selection of Ganoderma lucidum fruit body drying methods.

关 键 词：灵芝子实体 干燥品质 微波干燥 热泵干燥 

分 类 号：TS255.3[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]