超微粉碎/NaOH同步处理麦秸纤维素分离特性研究  

Effect of Ultrafine-grinding/NaOH Synchronous Treatment on Separation of Wheat Straw Cellulose

作　　者：高崇风 韩鲁佳[2] GAO Chongfeng;HAN Lujia(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;College of Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学机电工程学院,长沙410128 [2]中国农业大学工学院,北京100083

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2024年第2期346-352,371,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金项目(2022JJ40166)。

摘　　要：为了探究超微粉碎/NaOH同步处理对小麦秸秆纤维素分离及其微观形貌结构和热稳定性的影响,将小麦秸秆与质量分数6%的NaOH溶液按照料液比0.1 g/mL混合,进行了不同时长的超微粉碎/NaOH同步处理,并使用1.4%酸性亚氯酸钠溶液漂白和水浴式超声处理,分离得到纤维素纤维。系统表征了不同处理时长对小麦秸秆木质纤维素分离以及小麦秸秆纤维素微观形貌、晶体结构和热稳定性影响。结果表明:在同步处理0~60 min范围内,机械力显著降低了麦秸样品的粒度,有效促进了秸秆木质纤维组分分离;经不同时长超微粉碎/NaOH同步处理后分离获得的小麦秸秆纤维素中,大量微米和纳米纤维素呈相互缠绕的网状分布;随处理时间延长,纤维素结晶度先降低后趋于稳定,处理30~60 min是纤维素结晶度降低的转折点;Person相关性分析结果表明,小麦秸秆纤维素热稳定性与其结晶度以及处理时长呈现显著相关性(P<0.05)。In order to investigate the effects of ultrafine-grinding/NaOH synchronous treatment on the separation of wheat straw cellulose,wheat straw was mixed with 6%NaOH solution at a ratio of 0.1 g/mL and subjected to ultrafine-grinding/NaOH synchronous treatment with different time.Then,1.4%acidified sodium chlorite solution and water bath ultrasound was used for cellulose fibers separation.The effects of different treatment times on wheat straw lignocellulosic components and microstructure,crystal structure and thermal stability of separated cellulose were systematically characterized.The results showed that within 0~60 min treatment,mechanical force significantly reduced the particle size of wheat straw samples,which effectively promoted the separation of lignocellulosic components.In the separated wheat straw cellulose obtained by ultrafine-grinding/NaOH synchronous treatment,a large amount of micron and nanoscale cellulose fibers was intertwined together.As the treatment time prolonged,the crystallinity of cellulose was firstly decreased and then tended to stabilize after 30~60 min.The results of Person correlation analysis indicated that the thermal stability of cellulose was significantly correlated with its crystallinity and treatment time(P<0.05).The research provided important experimental data for the innovative research and development of straw based cellulose materials prepared by mechanochemical synchronous treatment.

关 键 词：小麦秸秆 纤维素纤维 机械化学同步处理 超微粉碎 NaOH处理 

分 类 号：S216.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]