融合光学椭率判据的自由曲面望远镜设计方法  

Design Method of the Telescope with Freeform Surfaces Based on Optical Ellipticity Criterion

作　　者：黄静 许宁晏 邹宇通 乔文佑 伦旭磊 孔梅梅[2] 陆辰熙 高志山[1] 袁群[1] HUANG Jing;XU Ningyan;ZOU Yutong;QIAO Wenyou;LUN Xulei;KONG Meimei;LU Chenxi;GAO Zhishan;YUAN Qun(School of Electronic and Optical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China;School of Electronic and Optical Engineering,School of Flexible Electronics(Future Technology),Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学电子工程与光电技术学院,南京210094 [2]南京邮电大学电子与光学工程学院、柔性电子(未来技术)学院,南京210023

出　　处：《光子学报》2024年第3期74-90,共17页Acta Photonica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.U1931120);江苏省青蓝工程。

摘　　要：光学椭率是联系天文望远镜光学设计与暗物质探测科学目标的一项核心性能指标,然而目前还没有将椭率作为指标融入光学系统优化设计过程的完整方法。提出了一种融合光学椭率判据的自由曲面望远镜光学设计方法,依据椭率与彗差、像散等非旋转对称像差的关系,提出了椭率关联性较强的像差分量优先校正原则,开拓了主要离轴像差校正后通过MZDDE在评价函数中融入椭率判据的设计思想,结合离轴三反系统中像差节点与椭率节点在优化过程中的演变规律,建立了自由曲面面型Zernike项的优化策略。据此设计了离轴三反自由曲面天文望远镜,系统有效焦距为600 mm,口径为200 mm,视场为4°×4°。通过波像差和椭率的联合优化,成像像质及光学椭率得到了同步有效控制,波像差近衍射极限,椭率最大值为0.030 3,平均值为0.015 6。与从低阶项到高阶项的传统像差校正优化方法相比,该方法采用相对较小的自由曲面偏差,设计的自由曲面望远镜成像质量和椭率性能得到了同步控制,充分发挥了自由曲面的效能,设计效率优势明显。The aberration of the telescope system itself can easily lead to the change of its optical ellipticity,which interferes with the detection of dark matter.To ensure the accuracy of dark matter detection,the ellipticity of the telescope system must be precisely controlled.In this paper,an optical design method for telescope with freeform surfaces incorporating optical ellipticity criterion is proposed.It addresses the challenge of traditional optical design methods in which optical design software is unable to directly take the ellipticity in the merit function.Implementing the numerical interaction between optical design software Zemax and numerical calculation software Matlab through MZDDE.Extract point spread function data from Zemax,calculate the ellipticity value using Matlab algorithm,and then import it into the merit function editor of Zemax to assign weights for optimization.In this way,the astronomical ellipticity is included throughout the optical design procedure.A complete evaluation function system integrating wavefront aberration and ellipticity has been constructed.Based on the relationship between ellipticity and non-rotationally symmetric aberrations such as coma and astigmatism,we put forward the principle of preferentially correcting the aberration components which exhibit stronger correlation with ellipticity.With the help of the full-field aberration map in the optical design software,we analyze the correlation between the aberration nodal distributions and ellipticity node distributions.And the specific freeform surface items to be modified and the surfaces of the freeform items to be added in each step are determined based on the aberration theory.The aberration components with strong ellipticity correlation are taken as the priority correction parameters for iteration,which contributes the design idea of incorporating the ellipticity criterion into the main off-axis aberration correction.Based on the evolution law of aberration nodes and ellipticity nodes in the optimization process of the o

关 键 词：光学设计 自由曲面 光学椭率 节点像差 ZERNIKE多项式 

分 类 号：O436[机械工程—光学工程]