城市人才政策如何影响中小企业“专精特新”转型  

How Urban Talent Policies Affect the Transformation of Small and Medium Enterprises into "Specialization, Refinement, and Innovation"

作　　者：孙哲远 白燕[1] Zheyuan SUN;Yan BAI(The Economics Teaching and Research Department of the Party School of the Corps Party Committee,Wujiaqu 831300)

机构地区：[1]兵团党委党校经济学教研部,新疆五家渠831300

出　　处：《中国人力资源开发》2024年第3期98-108,共11页Human Resources Development of China

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(19BGL272)。

摘　　要：本文通过对人才引进政策文本量化分析的基础上,分析了近年来各地出台的人才政策,对中小企业“专精特新”转型的影响。基于2016-2021年中小企业样本数据进行分析,研究发现,城市人才政策显著有利于中小企业“专精特新”转型,且这一结果经多重稳健性检验后,研究结论依然成立。机制检验表明,城市人才政策的实施,通过缓解企业融资约束、增强低质量创新矫正效应和优化人力资本结构,来促进中小企业“专精特新”转型进程;异质性检验表明,城市人才政府对拥有较强营销能力、较高产品市场竞争力、较低水平股票流动性以及高管持股比例较高的中小企业“专精特新”转型,具有更强的正向效应。进一步分析中,运用门槛效应揭示了随着中小企业政企关系水平的上升,能够更有效地发挥人才政策对中小企业“专精特新”转型的促进作用。Based on a quantitative analysis of talent introduction policy texts,this article analyzes the impact of talent policies introduced in various regions in recent years on the recruitment of R&D personnel and innovation in enterprises.Based on the analysis of sample data of small and medium-sized enterprises from 2016 to 2021,the study found that urban talent policies are significantly conducive to the transformation of small and mediumsized enterprises into"specialized,refined,and innovative"enterprises.After multiple robustness tests,the research conclusion is still valid.Heterogeneity testing indicates that urban talent governments have a stronger positive effect on the transformation of small and medium-sized enterprises with strong marketing capabilities,higher product market competitiveness,lower levels of stock liquidity,and a higher proportion of executive shareholding in the"specialized,refined,and innovative"sector.Mechanism testing shows that the implementation of urban talent policies can promote the acceleration of the transformation process of small and medium-sized enterprises into"specialized,refined,and innovative"by alleviating corporate financing constraints,enhancing the corrective effect of low-quality innovation,and optimizing the human capital structure;In further analysis,the use of threshold effect reveals that as the level of government enterprise relations in small and medium-sized enterprises increases,talent policies can more effectively promote the transformation of small and medium-sized enterprises into"specialized,refined,and innovative"enterprises.

关 键 词：人才政策 中小企业“专精特新”转型 文本分析 政企关系 

分 类 号：F276.3[经济管理—企业管理] C964.2[经济管理—国民经济]