盐度对SBBR反应器生物群落结构的影响研究  

Study on Effects of Salinity on Biome Structure in SBBR Reactor

作　　者：冯青原 杨英 吴亮 郑逸涵 陈卉静 朱曼丽 李卫华 FENG Qingyuan;YANG Ying;WU Liang;ZHENG Yihan;CHEN Huijing;ZHU Manli;LI Weihua(School of Environmental and Energy Engineering,Anhui Jianzhu University,Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Wastewater Recycling,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽建筑大学环境与能源工程学院/水污染控制与废水资源化安徽省重点实验室,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2023年第11期30-40,共11页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：安徽省教育厅研究生质量工程项目:基于TQM的环境科学与工程学位研究生课程建设内部质量保障体系构建(2022jyjxggyj314);安徽省住房城乡建设科学技术计划项目:村镇建设领域碳达峰、碳中和实施路径研究(2023-RK025)。

摘　　要：该文通过逐步提高盐度的方法驯化出耐高盐的活性污泥,采用序批式生物膜法(SBBR)进行模拟高盐废水的处理试验,对盐度为0、8、16、24、32 g/L的5个盐度梯度高盐废水进行研究。结果表明,随着盐度梯度的不断增加,系统稳定时氨氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N)、化学需氧量(COD)、总磷(TP)的去除效率由未加盐度时的98%、98%和97%下降至32 g/L盐度时的84%、73%、47%;由生物膜比耗氧速率(SOUR)和脱氢酶活性(DHA)表征的微生物活性在低于8 g/L盐度时增加,大于8 g/L盐度后下降;盐度使得生物膜中胞外聚合物(EPS)含量从26.15 mg/g SS增加到216.27 mg/g SS,其中TB-EPS的多糖(PS)含量增加最为显著,EPS的增加可以提高微生物对盐度的抗性和对细胞的保护作用;不同盐度生物膜中,放线菌门、变形菌门和髌骨细菌门是最大的3种优势门,平均相对丰度累计维持在72%~83%之间,其中放线菌门相对丰度随盐度的增加而显著增加,变型菌门相对丰度随盐度增加而下降;动球菌属、微白霜菌属和TM7a随着盐度的上升相对丰度迅速增加,32 g/L盐度时已成为最大的3种优势属。该研究从微生物的群落特征的角度,探讨了盐度渐增对微生物群落结构和多样性的影响,为高盐胁迫下SBBR系统中COD、NH_(4)^(+)-N和TP去除机制研究提供理论基础。This paper described an experimental study for treating salt containing wastewater with a bench-scale SBBR(se⁃quencing batch biofilm reactor).By gradually increasing salinity of the wastewater,the activated sludge of high salt-tolerance was acclimatized,and the treatment test of simulated salt wastewater was carried out with wastewater samples of five sorts of salinity:0 g/L,8 g/L,16 g/L,24 g/L and 32 g/L.The experimental results showed that with the increase of salinity gradient,the efficien⁃cies of removing NH_(4)^(+)-N,COD and TP decreased notably:in case where salinity was 32 g/L,and compared with salinity of 0 g/L,NH_(4)^(+)-N declined from 98%to 84%;COD from 98%to 73%;and TP from 97%to 47%.Additionally,the microbial activity,which was characterized by SOUR(specific consumption rate)and DHA(dehydrogenase activity)of biofilm,increased on con⁃dition of salinity being below 8 g/L,while decreased when salinity was up to greater than 8 g/L.Salinity made it possible to in⁃crease the content of extracellular polymer(EPS)in biofilms from 26.15 mg/g SS to 216.27 mg/g SS,among which polysaccha⁃ride(PS)content of TB-EPS grew most,and the increase of EPS could improve the resistance of microorganisms to salinity and the cells’protective effectiveness.It was found that under different salinity conditions there were growing three largest dominant phyla:actinomycetes,proteomycetes and patella bacteria in the biofilms,and the average relative abundance remained between 72%and 83%,among which the relative abundance of actinomycetes increased significantly with the increase of salinity,and the relative abundance of variant phylum decreased with the increase of salinity;the relative abundance of Kineosphaera,Microprui⁃na and TM7a increased rapidly with the increase of salinity,and on the condition of salinity being up to 32 g/L,they became the three biggest dominant genera.To sum up,from the perspective of microbial community characteristics,the effects of increas⁃ing salinity on the structure and diversity of

关 键 词：含盐废水 SBBR工艺 生物膜 胞外聚合物 生物多样性 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X79