库尔勒香梨大疆T50无人机授粉参数优选与田间验证  

Pollination parameter optimization and field verification of'Korla fragrant pear’DJI T50 unmanned aerial vehicle

作　　者：王鹏[1,2] 马小虎 王雨晴 位杰 鲁晓燕 WANG Peng;MA Xiaohu;WANG Yuqing;WEI Jie;LU Xiaoyan(Agricultural College of Shihezi University,Key Laboratory of Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Characteristic Fruit and Vegetable Cultivation,Xinjiang 832003;Bohu County Cultural Sports Radio,Television and Tourism Bureau;Manas Town People's Government;Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Second Division,Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院,特色果蔬栽培生理与种质资源利用兵团重点实验室,新疆832003 [2]博湖县文化体育广播电视和旅游局 [3]玛纳斯镇人民政府 [4]新疆生产建设兵团第二师农业科学研究所

出　　处：《中国果树》2024年第2期18-25,共8页China Fruits

基　　金：新疆生产建设兵团2020年重点研发计划重点领域科技攻关计划项目(2021AB016)。

摘　　要：为了提高库尔勒香梨无人机授粉作业的精确性,选用大疆T50无人机,采用三因素(作业速度、作业高度、667 m^(2)喷施量)三水平的正交试验,比较雾滴覆盖率、雾滴密度及雾滴沉积量的分布效果,筛选作业参数并进行了田间授粉效果的验证。结果表明:在环境风速不超过1.5 m/s的条件下,大疆T50无人机对纺锤形库尔勒香梨授粉的最佳作业参数为作业速度4 m/s、作业高度距离树顶4.5 m、667 m^(2)喷施量4L;田间授粉的花序坐果率为75.56%,花朵坐果率为32.87%。影响库尔勒香梨树冠上层雾滴效果的主要因素依次为667 m^(2)喷施量、作业高度、作业速度,影响树冠中层和下层雾滴效果的主要因素依次为667 m^(2)喷施量、作业速度、作业高度。In order to improve the accuracy of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)pollination operation of‘Korla fragrant pear’,DJI T50 UAV was selected in this study.The orthogonal test of three factors(operation speed,operation height,spraying amount per 667 m^(2))and three levels was used to compare the distribution effects of droplet coverage,droplet density and droplet deposition.The operation parameters were screened and the field pollination effect was verified.The results showed that under the condition that the environmental wind speed did not exceed 1.5 m/s,the optimal operating parameters of DJI T50 UAV for spindle-shaped‘Korla fragrant pear’pollination were as follows operating speed of 4 m/s,and operating height of 4.5 m from the top of the tree,spraying amount per 667 m^(2)of 4 L.The inflorescence fruit setting rate of field pollination was 75.56%,and the flower fruit setting rate was 32.87%.The main factors affecting the effect of droplets in the upper layer of‘Korla fragrant pear’tree canopy are the spray amount per 667 m^(2),the height of operation and the speed of operation.The main factors affecting the effect of droplets in the middle and lower layers of tree canopies are the spray amount per 667 m^(2),the speed of operation and the height of operation.

关 键 词：无人机 库尔勒香梨 雾滴效果 坐果率 作业参数 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]