从理性主义到社会批判:当代西方城市规划的理论建构  

From Rationalism to Social Criticism:Theoretical Construction of Contemporary Western Urban Planning

作　　者：罗思东[1] LUO Sidong(School of Public Affairs,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,Fujian)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学公共事务学院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《厦门大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第2期49-58,共10页Journal of Xiamen University(A Bimonthly for Studies in Arts & Social Sciences)

基　　金：福建省社科研究基地“厦门大学国家治理能力建设研究中心”重大项目“组织间网络与城乡社区治理的体制机制创新”(FJ2020MJDZ001)。

摘　　要：城市规划是国家对空间资源的生产与分配进行调控,干预国家与社会关系的重要手段,对于推动城市发展、实现社会正义发挥了关键作用,其理论建构的演进过程对于把握城市规划的本质至为重要。从理性主义的工具论,到寻求城市正义的本体论,当代西方城市规划已经从实现城市功能主义空间美学的技术工具,嬗变为追求城市权利与公正的社会政策。在这一过程中,城市规划承担的社会批判功能,在一定程度上推动了现代国家的进步,促使国家对城市规划传统中机械的现代主义进行改良,使规划更“软”、更贴近社会现实,并“重划”空间结构,重置空间资源,推动城市区域的创新发展。与此同时,为适应后现代社会的多元化和多样性特征,满足城市居民对空间正义的要求,作为当代西方国家批判理论的前沿,城市规划从“空间批判”的视角,不断为国家描绘出包容性与公平发展的新蓝图。Urban planning serves as a crucial tool for the state to regulate the production and distribution of spatial resources and intervene in the state-society relationship.It plays a vital role in driving urban development and achieving social justice.Un⁃derstanding the evolution of its theoretical framework is essential for grasping the essence of urban planning.Western urban planning has transitioned from instrumental rationalism to an ontological pursuit of urban justice.It has evolved from being a technical instru⁃ment to achieve urban functionalism and spatial aesthetics to becoming a social policy that strives for urban rights and justice.Throughout this process,the critical social function of urban planning has propelled the progress of modern nations,urging them to move beyond the mechanistic modernism inherent in traditional urban planning.This has led to the adoption of a more flexible and socially grounded approach to planning,reshaping spatial resources and promoting regional innovative development.Simultaneously,in response to the pluralism and diversity of post-modern society and the demand for spatial justice from urban residents,contempo⁃rary urban planning adopts a perspective of“spatial criticism”and continually draws new blueprints for inclusive and equitable na⁃tional development.

关 键 词：城市规划 理性主义 社会正义 新马克思主义 

分 类 号：D523[政治法律—政治学]