汉江武汉市城区段水样对蚕豆根尖细胞的遗传毒性效应  

Genotoxicity effect of water in the Wuhan urban section of Hanjiang river on the root tip cells of Vicia faba

作　　者：付海飞 张豪 谢佳燕[1] 詹金波 李金华[1] FU Haifei;ZHANG Hao;XIE Jiayan;ZHAN Jinbo;LI Jinhua(School of Life Science and Technology,Wuhan Polytechnic University,Wuhan 430023,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉轻工大学生命科学与技术学院,武汉430023

出　　处：《武汉轻工大学学报》2023年第6期22-26,56,共6页Journal of Wuhan Polytechnic University

基　　金：武汉轻工大学教学质量文化建设教改项目(编号:JP2022007)及教研项目(编号:XM2022003);教育部产学合作协同育人项目(编号:202102102111)。

摘　　要：为研究汉江武汉市城区段水质变化对蚕豆根尖细胞的遗传毒性效应,于汉江流经武汉市东西湖区至其与长江的入江口之间设置水样采样点,采用蚕豆根尖微核技术,研究在不同水样胁迫下对蚕豆根尖的生长和对基因组DNA的遗传毒性效应。结果表明,与对照组蒸馏水相比,不同水样处理后均可显著抑制蚕豆根尖的生长速度,其对蚕豆根尖生长的抑制率范围为0.37%~0.75%;除样点C外,不同水样处理后根尖恢复生长速度与对照组均无显著差异。不同水样处理蚕豆根尖细胞后,在细胞有丝分裂的不同时期发现有染色体畸变和微核的形成。统计分析表明,不同水样可显著诱导蚕豆根尖细胞形成微核,且沿汉江至长江交汇处各样点水样处理组呈现微核率增加的趋势,其微核率范围在0.85‰~1.81‰。汉江武汉市城区段水体存在一定的遗传毒性效应,其水质呈现轻度污染或轻度转至中度污染,临近人群密集集散地样点水体的污染程度较高,表明人类活动强度可对水体水质产生一定程度的影响。The genotoxicity effect of water on the root tip cells of Vicia faba was carried out.Water samplings were collected from Dongxihu district of Wuhan to the entrance into the Yangtze River along Hanjiang river.Genotoxicity effects of water stress on growth and genome DNA of the root tip cells were analyzed by using micronucleus test of V.faba root tips.Compared with the control of the distilled water,the results showed that water samplings could significantly inhibit the growth of V.faba root tips with the inhibition rate of 0.37%to 0.75%.Except for water C sample,there was no significant difference between the root tip recovery growth rate of different water samples and the control distilled water.Chromosome aberration and micronucleus were found in different cell mitotic phases after water treating.Statistical analysis showed that water samples could significantly induce the micronucleus formation in the root tip cells of V.faba with micronucleus ratios ranged from 0.85‰to 1.80‰.The ratios were increasing along the Hanjiang river to the junction of the Yangtze River.It was suggested that water in the Wuhan urban section of Hanjiang river had some genotoxicity effects.Their pollution degree achieved slight or slight to moderate pollution level.In addition,those samples with higher pollution level mainly sited near population centres.It was suggested that the intensity of human activities could affect water quality.

关 键 词：汉江 蚕豆根尖微核技术 水质 

分 类 号：X142[环境科学与工程—环境科学]