小麦粉加工车间硫酰氟整体熏蒸杀虫效果评估  

Evaluating of the Effect of Sulfuryl Fluoride in Structural Fumigation of a Flour Mill

作　　者：王智颖 王殿轩[2] 郭超[1] 赖世椿 劳传忠[1] 何梦婷 李丹青 王双雄 林乾 刘子立 王丽娜 冼庆[1] 张小松[1] 黄敏鹏 Wang Zhiying;Wang Dianxuan;Guo Chao;Lai Shichun;Lao Chuanzhong;He Mengting;Li Danqing;Wang Shuangxiong;Lin Qian;Liu Zili;Wang Lina;Xian Qing;Zhang Xiaosong;Huang Minpeng(Guangdong Institute for Cereal Science Research,Guangzhou 510310;School of Food and Strategic Reserves,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450052;Guangzhou Lingnan Suiliang Grain Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510800)

机构地区：[1]广东省粮食科学研究所有限公司,广州510310 [2]河南工业大学粮食和物资储备学院,郑州450052 [3]广州岭南穗粮谷物股份有限公司,广州510800

出　　处：《中国粮油学报》2024年第2期25-30,共6页Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association

基　　金：中国烟草总公司烟草绿色防控重大专项[110202101029(LS-04)];粤储粮科研重大专项(2021001)。

摘　　要：研究了我国华南地区某小麦粉加工车间B区、C区,长为108 m,宽为25 m,高为35.2 m,总体积为95040 m^(3),有效熏蒸体积为53842 m^(3)的空间,采用硫酰氟剂量为40 g/m^(3)、密闭时间为48 h的整体性结构熏蒸。在不补充硫酰氟熏蒸剂的条件下,熏蒸过程浓度随时间变化的规律,建立了熏蒸剂的日损失率L d和浓度半数衰减时间HLT,分析了各楼层硫酰氟浓度变化规律和熏蒸剂泄漏程度,评估了杀虫效果。熏蒸剂的日损失率符合模型:L_(d)=100×(1-e^(-b))(e为自然常数;b为衰减常数),浓度半数衰减时间HLT符合模型:HLT=ln^(2)/b。熏蒸剂日损失率的变化随着衰减常数的增大而增大,浓度半数衰减时间HLT的变化随着衰减常数的增大而减小。单次熏蒸时衰减常数为固定值,熏蒸剂日损失率、浓度半数衰减时间HLT为恒定变化。经模型评估,6楼~8楼的日损失率L_(d)和半数衰减时间介于56.7%~71.3%和0.56~0.83 d。3、4楼区域损失率L_(d)和半数衰减时间介于85.0%~92.6%和0.27~0.37 d;除8楼硫酰氟熏蒸剂浓度半数衰减时间HLT超过15 h,其余楼层均未超过15 h。熏蒸后22 d,取样检测发现小麦粉加工车间设备和管道中均发现赤拟谷盗幼虫活虫。采用硫酰氟进行建筑物结构40 g/m^(3)剂量、密闭时间48 h方式熏蒸,可将车间空间区域害虫各虫态以及管道和设备中成虫杀死,存在于设备和管道内的卵可能存活且发育成新幼虫或蛹。In this paper,integrated structural fumigation was conducted in the spaces in Area B and Area C of a flour mill in South China,108 m long,25 m wide and 35.2 m high,with a total volume of 95040 m^(3)and an effective fumigation volume of 53842 m^(3),with a sulfuryl fluoride dosage of 40 g/m^(3)and a sealing time of 48 h.Under the condition of not supplementing sulfuryl fluoride fumigant,the daily loss rate of fumigant L_(d) and concentration half decay time HLT were established,the variation law of sulfuryl fluoride concentration on each floor and the leakage degree of fumigant were analyzed,and the insecticidal effect was evaluated.The results indicated that Ld of sulfur fluoride fumigants conformed to the model:L_(d)=100×(1-e^(-b))(e,natural constant;b,attenuation constant),HLT conformed to the model:HLT=ln^(2)/b.The changes of daily loss rate of fumigant increased with the increase of attenuation constant,and the changes of HLT decreased with the increase of attenuation constant.When the attenuation constant was fixed for a single fumigation,the daily loss rate of fumigant and HLT were constant.According to the model evaluation,the daily loss rate L_(d) and half decay time of Floor 6,7 and 8 ranged from 56.7%to 71.3%and 0.56 to 0.83 d.The regional loss rate L_(d) and half decay time of Floor 3 and 4 ranged from 85.0%to 92.6%and 0.27 to 0.37 d,respectively.Except that the half decay time(HLT)of sulfuryl fluoride fumigant concentration on the 8th floor was more than 15 h,the other floors were not more than 15 h.After 22 d of fumigation,several live larvae of red flour beetles(Tribolium castaneum Herbst:Coleoptera:Tenebrionidae)were found in the equipment and pipes in large flour mills,and a small number of pupae of red flour beetles were found in the sampling process.Sulfuryl fluoride was used to fumigate the building structure with a dose of 40 g/m^(3)and a sealing time of 48 h can kill all insect states of pests in the workshop space area and adults in pipelines and equipment,and eggs existing in equipment and

关 键 词：小麦粉车间 结构熏蒸 硫酰氟 

分 类 号：S379[农业科学—农产品加工] TU205[农业科学—农艺学]