推行中国特色学徒制的审视与突围  

Examination and Breakthroughs in Implementing Apprenticeship with Chinese Characteristics

作　　者：罗能 朱丽佳[2] 刘昭琴[2] Luo Neng;Zhu Lijia;Liu Zhaoqin(Faculty of Education,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Chongqing Aerospace Polytechnic,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学教育学部,重庆400715 [2]重庆航天职业技术学院,重庆400021

出　　处：《职教论坛》2024年第3期106-111,共6页Journal of Vocational Education

基　　金：重庆市教育科学规划重点课题“职业教育特色现代学徒制实践案例研究”(编号:K22YC305045),主持人:罗能;重庆市教育科学规划一般课题“中国特色学徒制标准体系建设研究”(编号:K23YG3050288),主持人:朱丽佳;教育部国家级职业教育教师教学创新团队课题“无人机应用技术专业群双元育人模式探索与实践研究”(编号:YB2021030102),主持人:刘昭琴。

摘　　要：中国特色学徒制作为一种制度,其背后隐藏着特定的社会规范、经济秩序和文化认知。与不同国家及我国不同时期的学徒制相比较后发现,党的领导、落实“双元育人”“双招”“双身份”“双基地”等培养方式、传承文化自信等是中国特色学徒制的核心内涵。现行的制度体系、组织模式和成本机制还不能完全适应中国特色学徒制的发展,还存在着制度体系缺项、平衡与协调机制缺位、单一的经费投入、质量标准缺乏等制约因素。推行中国特色学徒制的策略包括强化制度引力,规范配套制度;开展多元对话,保护参与主体的相关利益;多元筹措经费,分担培养成本;健全学徒制标准体系,基于标准构建学徒制评价与监管体系等。After the launch of the Chinese characteristic modern apprenticeship system and the pilot program for the new apprenticeship system in Chinese enterprises,China has put forward the requirement to explore China's characteristic apprenticeship system.This study traces the historical origins of China's characteristic apprenticeship system and compares it with apprenticeship systems in different countries and different periods in China.It finds that under the leadership of the Communist Party of China,the core essence of China's characteristic apprenticeship system lies in implementing dual-cultivation,dual-recruitment,dual-identity,and dual-training base approaches,and inheriting cultural self-confidence.Furthermore,as an institutional system,China's characteristic apprenticeship system is characterized by specific social norms,economic order,and cultural cognition.However,there are constraints in the current system,such as gaps in the institutional system,the absence of a balance and coordination mechanism,single-source funding,and a lack of quality standards.To address these constraints,strategies can be employed to strengthen the attractiveness of the system,standardize supporting systems,facilitate multi-party dialogues to protect the interests of stakeholders,diversify funding sources,share training costs,improve the apprenticeship standards system,and establish an evaluation and regulatory system based on standards.

关 键 词：中国特色学徒制 核心内涵 制度建设 运行机制 质量标准 

分 类 号：G710[文化科学—职业技术教育学]