顾及多级空间索引结构的矢量地图局部加密方法  

A local encryption method for vector maps based on multilevel spatial index structure

作　　者：丁晨 彭程[1] 唐建波[1,2] 邓敏 杨学习[1,2] 刘慧敏 DING Chen;PENG Cheng;TANG Jianbo;DENG Min;YANG Xuexi;LIU Huimin(School of Geosciences and Info-physics,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;Hunan Geospatial Information Engineering Technology Research Center,Changsha 410018,China;School of Geography and Environment,Jiangxi Normal University,Nanchang 330022,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学地球科学与信息物理学院,湖南长沙410083 [2]湖南省地理空间信息工程技术研究中心,湖南长沙410018 [3]江西师范大学地理与环境学院,江西南昌330022

出　　处：《测绘学报》2024年第3期569-581,共13页Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42271462,42171441,42271485);湖南省自然科学基金(2021JJ40727,2020JJ4749,2022JJ40585);湖南省自然资源厅科研项目(20230121XX);江西省“双千计划”第三批引进类创新领军人才短期项目(jxsq2020102062)。

摘　　要：随着地理信息产业的蓬勃发展,地图与各类生活服务深度融合,地图从专业化应用逐步走向大众化应用。大数据时代的到来,为地图数据的分发、共享、获取与动态更新等提供了极大便利,但伴随而来的是地图数据传输过程中面临的信息泄露、窃取等安全隐患问题也日益严峻。现有的矢量地图加密方法大多是在经典密码学算法基础上扩展而来,虽然已有加密方法考虑到矢量地图的特征,但是现有方法大多仍以整个地图或图层为加密单元,在用户需要访问某个局部的感兴趣区域时需要对整个地图文件或图层进行解密,对于矢量地图的按需局部加密仍未提出有效方案,还难以满足大数据时代地图按需用图、众包地图数据采集与云端更新等应用场景对矢量地图局部加密的应用需求。为此,本文从矢量地图的数据结构特点出发,提出了一种顾及多级空间索引的矢量地图局部加密方法。通过点、线、面不同矢量地图数据的加密试验分析,结果表明:①本文方法可以有效实现矢量地图的局部加解密;②相比于现有加密方法,本文方法采用局部加密策略,且支持多级分块并行加密,具有更高的加密效率;③本文针对不同加密单元采用不同加密参数,显著提高了加密算法的抗攻击能力。Vector maps are the basic data sources of location-based services.In the big data era,vector maps have been used in most of our daily life service applications.The development of big data technologies,which provide great convenience for sending,sharing,acquisition and dynamic update of vector maps,also make it is severe of the security risks such as information leakage and stealing in the process of map data transmission.Existing map encryption methods are usually based on traditional cryptographic algorithms and encrypt the entire vector map,without making full use of the spatial data structure and the distribution characteristics of geographical entities in maps,which make it is difficult for these methods to encrypt parts of the data and cannot meet the needs of applications such as crowdsourced data collection,personalized map services for encrypting parts of the data rather than the entire data.Therefore,this paper proposes a local encryption method for vector maps based on multilevel spatial index structure.Experimental results on real point,line and polygon vector maps show that:①The proposed method can effectively perform local encryption and local decryption for vector maps;②Compared with the state-of-the art encryption methods,the proposed method has higher encryption efficiency;③The security and the anti-attack ability of the proposed method are significantly improved by using different encryption parameters for different encryption units,which ensures the security of the encryption results.

关 键 词：矢量地图加密 空间索引 混沌系统 局部加密 众包数据 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]