性别视角下教育代际流动对代际收入流动影响的差异  

Differential Impact of Intergenerational Education Mobility on Intergenerational Income Mobility from a Gender Perspective

作　　者：龚继红[1] 廖梦雪 GONG Jihong;LIAO Mengxue

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学文法学院社会学系,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《学习与实践》2024年第3期81-93,共13页Study and Practice

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“农村代际收入流动中教育行为引致效应研究”(项目编号:20ASH007)。

摘　　要：教育代际流动可以映射社会长期流动模式和开放程度,合理的教育代际流动能够有效促进代际收入流动,推进社会公平。本文基于2021年对全国出生于1976-2000年已完成学业并进入劳动力市场的1682份抽样调查样本数据,分析教育代际流动对代际收入流动影响的性别差异。研究发现,我国教育代际流动性明显增强,两性差异日渐消弭;低教育水平家庭的女性实现教育高阶向上流动的比例增加,男性教育代际的顶部传递优势依然显著;父代收入仍对代际收入流动起关键作用,女性的代际收入关联度高于男性;教育代际向上流动能有效阻断父代的代内收入差距向个体传递,教育代际向下流动则会加剧代际收入传递固化,且这一影响更多作用于女性。Intergenerational education mobility maps long-term social mobility patterns and social openness.Reasonable intergenerational education mobility promotes intergenerational income mobility and advances social equity effectively.This paper analyzes gender differences in intergenerational educational mobility and its impact on intergenerational income mobility based on data from a 2021 sample of 1,682 individuals born nationwide in 1976-2000 who completed their education and entered the labor market.The study finds that intergenerational educational mobility in China has significantly increased and gender differences are increasingly dissolving;the proportion of female from families with low education levels achieving upward mobility to higher levels of education has increased,and the top transmission advantage of education for male remains significant;paternal income is still a key factor effecting intergenerational income mobility;female have higher intergenerational income correlation than male,and its occupation and education level are difficult to break the shackles of paternal income on intergenerational income mobility;intergenerational educational upward mobility of offspring block the intra-generational income gap of paternal transmission from paternal to offspring,while the intergenerational educational downward mobility intensifies the intergenerational income transmission,and this effect affects female more strongly.

关 键 词：教育代际流动 代际收入流动 性别差异 

分 类 号：G521[文化科学—教育学]