“补偿”误判与“驱力”缺席——《亨利六世》戏剧独白的个体心理学阐释  

The Misjudgment of“Compensation”and the Absence of“Drive”An Analysis of the Dramatic Monologue in HenryⅥfrom the Perspective of Individual Psychology

作　　者：张雪梅[1] 刘恩燕 ZHANG Xuemei;LIU Enyan(School of Foreign Languages,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学外国语学院,重庆400074

出　　处：《重庆交通大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第2期83-91,共9页Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University:Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：重庆市社会科学规划研究重点项目“莎士比亚英国历史剧中的教会政治书写”(2023WYZX02);重庆市本科高校一流外语在线课程“莎士比亚戏剧”(2021-29-14)。

摘　　要：《亨利六世》(上、中、下)和《理查三世》共同构成莎士比亚第一历史四联剧。《亨利六世》共包括十四段沉思型戏剧独白,对推动情节、塑造人物、渲染气氛和烘托主题作用巨大,具有鲜明的莎士比亚戏剧风格。从现代个体心理学角度重新审视《亨利六世》中的沉思型系列独白,以“补偿”误判与“驱力”缺席为两大基准内因,揭示这位治国无能的昏聩君王怯懦外表下复杂而多层的内心世界,剖析他作为兰卡斯特王朝末代君王因自身的卑怯软弱,导致个人身死、王朝覆灭的原因,既可为莎士比亚的经典戏剧独白贡献一份个体心理学阐释,也可为现代人提供进一步认识自我和完善自我的心理学启示。The first tetralogy of William Shakespeare is comprised of HenryⅥ(Part One,Two and Three)and RichardⅢ,the former of which is characterized by fourteen dramatic monologues in Shakespearean symbolic style.These meditation soliloquies contribute greatly to the development of the plot,shaping of the character,creation of the atmosphere and presentation of the theme.From the perspective of modern individual psychology,based on the misjudgment of“compensation”and the absence of“drive”,this paper re-examines those meditation soliloquies in HenryⅥso as to explore the complex inner world of the weak and cowardly king and to illustrate the cause of his death and fall of the Lancaster ruling house.Therefore,an individual psychological interpretation of Shakespeare's classic dramatic monologue is presented,and an individual psychological insight into self-understanding and self-improvement for the ordinary person in modern society is proposed.

关 键 词：补偿 驱力 《亨利六世》 戏剧独白 个体心理学 

分 类 号：I106.3[文学—世界文学]