基于景观格局的玉溪市“三湖”流域生态风险演化分析  

Ecological Risk Evolution of Three Lakes in Yuxi City Based on Landscape Pattern

作　　者：孙咏琦 李约翰 李强军 陈永志 刘士鑫 李言龙 李建华 SUN Yong-qi;LI Yue-han;LI Qiang-jun;CHEN Yong-zhi;LIU Shi-xin;LI Yan-ong;LI Jian-hua(College of Water Conservancy,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,P.R.China;Engineering Research Center of Land and Resources Science and Technology,Kunming 650201,P.R.China;Yunnan Geology and Mineral Survey Institute Co.LTD,Kunming 650218,P.R.China;College of Resources and Environment,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学水利学院,云南昆明650201 [2]云南农业大学自然资源科学技术工程研究中心,云南昆明650201 [3]云南省地矿测绘院有限公司,云南昆明650218 [4]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2024年第2期54-62,共9页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：云南省教育厅科学研究基金(2022Y288)。

摘　　要：以玉溪市“三湖”流域为研究对象,对研究区内生态风险状况进行研究,揭示其20年生态风险演化特征。对2000-2020年的土地利用数据进行等间距采样,基于景观格局指数建立生态风险模型并利用空间自相关分析、地统计学分析、重心转移等方法对研究区内景观格局变化特征以及生态风险演变进行探究。结果表明:(1)社会发展及人类活动导致建筑用地的分离度等在研究期内呈线性减少趋势,而草地的破碎度在20年里呈上升趋势,由2000年的0.55增长到2020年的0.93;(2)生态风险格局在空间上呈现显著正相关,Moran’s I指数由2000年的0.522下降至2022年的0.513,表明研究区内景观生态风险值在空间分布上的依赖性减弱,空间趋同性逐渐降低;(3)研究区内多年间生态风险呈现先上升后下降的趋势且生态风险格局重心整体向西南偏移,高风险区主要分布在研究区北部的林草地带以及湖泊周围,20年面积增加了6 212.07 hm^(2)。研究结果可为流域内水资源开发、生态安全保护等决策提供支持。The three lakes including the Fuxian,Xingyun and Qilu Lakes in Yuxi City,comprise the unique plateau lake group of Yunnan Province,and the unique geographical and resource advantages of the three lakes make it an important foundation for the socio-economic development of Yuxi City.In this study,the three lakes basin was selected as case study,and we explored the ecological risk evolution over 20 years in the study area.The land use data of the Three Lakes basin during 2000-2020 were used for the study,and the investigated area consisted of six land use types,including farmland,forest,shrub land,grass land,water area and building land.An ecological risk model was established based on the landscape pattern index,and the spatial autocorrelation analysis,geostatistical analysis,and centre-of-gravity shift were used to investigate the characteristics of landscape pattern changes and reveal the ecological risk evolution in the study area.Results show that:(1)The separa-tion degree of building land due to social development and human activities presented a linear de-creasing trend during the study period,while the fragmentation degree of grassland showed an up-ward trend over the 20 years,from 0.55 in 2000 to 0.93 in 2020.(2)The ecological risk pattern showed a significant positive correlation in space,with decreased Moran's I index from 0.522 in 2000 to 0.513 in 2022,indicating that the spatial distribution of ecological risk values in the study ar-ea was less dependent and the spatial convergence was gradually reduced.(3)The ecological risk in the study area increased first and then decreased over the years and the center of gravity of the eco-logical risk pattern shifted to the southwest,and the high-risk areas were primarily distributed in the forest and grassland zone and the area around the lake in the north of the study area,and the high-risk areas increased by 6212.07 hm^(2) in 20 years.Our study will provide support for the decision making of resource development and ecological safety protection in the basin.

关 键 词：生态风险 景观格局指数 标准差椭圆 空间自相关 地统计学 玉溪市 

分 类 号：P901[天文地球—自然地理学] X144[环境科学与工程—环境科学]