滇池流域生态系统完整性变化及其驱动机理实证研究  

An Empirical Study on Ecosystem Integrity Change and Its Driving Mechanism in Dianchi Lake Basin

作　　者：陈德超[1] 范金鼎 赵海霞[2] 顾斌杰 李欣 CHEN Dechao;FAN Jinding;ZHAO Haixia;GU Binjie;LI Xin(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Suzhou University of Science and Technology,Suzhou Jiangsu 215009,China;Nanjing Institute of Geography&Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing Jiangsu 210008,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州科技大学环境科学与工程学院,江苏苏州215009 [2]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《生态经济》2024年第4期185-193,205,共10页Ecological Economy

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“村镇建设资源环境承载力测算系统开发”(2018YFD1100100);国家自然科学基金“供需视角下城市绿色基础设施格局演化、机理与调控——以南京市为例”(42371318)。

摘　　要：滇池流域是长江水源的重要涵养地和我国西南的生态安全屏障,其生态系统完整性变化是整个流域生态系统质量和稳定性的重要体现,对生态系统保护和修复具有重要指导意义。通过ArcGIS空间分析、地理探测器模型和皮尔逊相关分析等方法,基于生态系统结构、功能和弹性三方面构建综合指数,评估2000—2020年滇池流域生态系统完整性时空变化,分析生态系统完整性演变的驱动因子及其作用机理。结果表明:(1)滇池流域生态系统完整性先下降后上升,但整体有所降低,其中结构完整性明显降低、生态系统弹性显著减弱。(2)生态系统完整性在空间上呈中部低四周高的分布格局,完整性高的区域分布在城市外围的山体,靠近滇池北部的中心城区则较低;全流域36.24%的区域完整性降低、35.31%的区域升高。(3)生态系统完整性的时空变化受自然条件和人文社会经济等多种因素的共同影响,高程、气温和土地利用变化是主导因子,完整性与高程呈正相关,与气温呈负相关,但土地利用变化的影响具有双重性。研究结果可为流域生态系统完整性评估提供新思路,同时为滇池流域生态系统的管护提供科学依据。Dianchi Lake Basin is a significant water conservation area of the Yangtze River and an ecological security barrier in Southwest China.The change in its ecosystem integrity reflects the quality and stability of the basin's ecosystem.It is a valuable guide to protecting and restoring ecosystems.Through ArcGIS spatial analysis,geodetector model and Pearson correlation analysis,a comprehensive index was constructed based on three aspects of ecosystem structure,function and resilience to assess the spatial and temporal changes of ecosystem integrity in the Dianchi lake basin from 2000 to 2020,and to analyze the driving factors of spatial and temporal evolution of ecosystem integrity and their mechanisms of action.Results showed:(1)The ecosystem integrity of Dianchi Lake Basin decreased first,then increased,but the overall decreased,including the structural integrity and ecosystem elasticity decreased significantly.(2)The spatial distribution patern of ecosystem integrity was low in the middle and high in the surrounding areas.The regional integrity of the whole basin decreased by 36.24%and increased by 35.31%.High ecosystem integrity areas are distributed in the mountains outside the city.The ecosystem integrity of the central urban area near northern Dianchi Lake is low.(3)Ecosystem integrity is influenced by natural conditions and human-social-economic factors.Elevation,temperature and land use change are the dominant factors.Integrity is positively correlated with elevation and negatively correlated with temperature,but land use change has dual impacts.The study results can provide novel ideas for basin ecosystem integrity assessment.They also provide a scientific basis for Dianchi Lake basin ecosystem management.

关 键 词：生态系统完整性 时空变化 驱动力分析 地理信息智能化挖掘 滇池流域 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]