丘陵山区果园单轨遥控自走式弥雾机设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of Single Track Remote Controlled Self-propelled Misting Machine for Orchard in Hilly and Mountainous Area

作　　者：荆帅杰 刘冬梅 刘保友[3] 陈海宁 任龙龙 宋月鹏[1,4] JING Shuaijie;LIU Dongmei;LIU Baoyou;CHEN Haining;REN Longlong;SONG Yuepeng(College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an Shandong 271018,China;College of Plant Protection,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an Shandong 271018,China;Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yantai Shandong 265500,China;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Garden Machinery and Equipment,Tai’an Shandong 271018,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学机械与电子工程学院,山东泰安271018 [2]山东农业大学植物保护学院,山东泰安271018 [3]烟台市农业科学研究院,山东烟台265500 [4]山东省园艺机械与装备重点实验室,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《农业工程》2024年第1期83-88,共6页AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

基　　金：山东省现代农业技术产业体系岗位专家专项资金(SDAIT-06-12、SDAIT-06-11);山东省重点研发计划(重大科技创新工程2021CXGC010802、2021CXGC010602、2022CXGC02070912);山东省自然科学基金重点项目(ZR2020KC026);烟台市科技计划项目(2021NYNC015、2022XCZX094)。

摘　　要：针对丘陵山区地形复杂导致我国地面植保喷雾机械入地难、植保效果差等问题,设计了一种丘陵果园单轨遥控自走式弥雾机,采用轨道设计与弥雾机械相结合的方式,通过理论分析与计算,对控制系统、运输轨道系统和风送喷雾系统进行了设计与选型。田间试验结果表明,该轨道弥雾机行驶速度0.7 m/s、最大爬坡度40°、最大遥控距离200 m;整机最小离地间隙600 mm;苹果树内部枝叶正、反面药液覆盖率分别为43.20%和21.80%,苹果树外部枝叶正、反面药液覆盖率分别为72.26%和35.12%。该轨道弥雾机整机运行平稳、安全可靠、遥控信号稳定及植保作业效率高,可为我国丘陵山区复杂地形植保作业机械设计制造提供借鉴与参考。In order to solve problems of difficult entry of spray machinery for plant protection and poor plant protection effect due to complex terrain of hilly and mountainous areas,a single track remote controlled self-propelled misting machine for hilly orchards was designed.Through theoretical analysis and calculation,control system,transport track system and air supply spray system were designed and selected by combining track design with mist spreading machinery.Field test results showed that track misting machine has a driving speed of 0.7 m/s,a maximum climbing slope of 40 °,and a maximum remote controlled distance of 200 m;the minimum ground clearance height of entire machine was 600 mm;coverage rates of internal branches and leaves of apple tree were 43.20% and 21.80%,respectively,while coverage rates of external branches and leaves of apple tree were 72.26% and 35.12%,respectively.The track misting machine runs smoothly,is safe and reliable,has stable remote controlled signals,and high efficiency in plant protection operations.It could provide reference and guidance for design and manufacturing of plant protection machinery in complex terrain of hilly and mountainous areas in China.

关 键 词：丘陵果园 弥雾机 轨道 远程遥控 植保机械 丘陵山区 

分 类 号：S224.3[农业科学—农业机械化工程]