生态系统服务价值实现的国际经验与启示  

International Experience and Inspiration in Realizing the Value of Ecosystem Services

作　　者：冯晓龙 仇焕广[2] FENG Xiaolong;QIU Huanguang

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学经济管理学院,北京100083 [2]中国人民大学农业与农村发展学院,北京100872

出　　处：《世界农业》2024年第4期83-93,共11页World Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“草原生态治理中政府规制与社区自治的协同效应研究”(72003182)。

摘　　要：生态文明建设已上升为国家发展战略。生态系统服务价值实现是践行“绿水青山就是金山银山”理念的关键,对于推进生态文明建设意义重大。中国生态系统治理经历了从牺牲生态环境为代价发展经济到经济发展和生态保护协同的历史性转变。生态系统蕴藏着巨大的生态发展潜力和服务价值,但是目前国家生态系统服务价值实现仍面临着缺乏体制机制保障、市场机制尚未形成、核算体系不健全等方面的挑战。国际生态系统服务价值实现的典型模式可分为政府主导型和市场主导型两大类,其中政府主导型包括生态资源指标及产权交易、生态补偿,市场主导型包括生态标签、生态休闲和旅游、生态系统服务贸易。未来应从完善体制机制、建立市场交易机制、探索经营开发路径、健全核算指标体系等方面着手提升生态系统服务价值的实现水平。The construction of ecological civilization has risen to the national strategy in China.Realizing value of ecosystem services is the key to practicing the concept of“Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets”,which is of great significance for promoting the construction of ecological civilization in China.China’s ecosystem governance has experienced a transformation from economic development at the expense of ecological environment to the coordination of economic development and ecological protection.The ecosystem of China contains huge potential for ecological development and service value,but the realization of ecosystem service value is still faced with challenges,including lack of institutional mechanism and market mechanism,and imperfect accounting system.The typical modes of realizing the value of ecosystem services all over the world can be divided into:government-led mode and market-led modes.Government-led mode includes ecological resource index and property rights transaction,and ecological compensation,while market-led modes include eco-label,ecological leisure and tourism,and trade of ecosystem service.In the future,we should better realize the value of ecosystem services,by improving the system mechanism and market trading mechanism,exploring the path of operation and development,and perfecting accounting index system on ecosystem services.

关 键 词：生态系统服务 价值实现 国际经验 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]