铝型材数控加工中心的电气自适应PID控制研究  

Research on Electrical Adaptive PID Control of Aluminum Profile CNC Machining Center

作　　者：山丹 SHAN Dan(Southwest Aluminum(Industry)Group Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 401326,China)

机构地区：[1]西南铝(业)集团有限责任公司,重庆401326

出　　处：《自动化应用》2024年第5期73-75,78,共4页Automation Application

摘　　要：针对机械谐振、非线性摩擦等因素对铝型材数控加工中心的电气伺服系统运动控制精度的影响,研究铝型材数控加工中心的电气自适应PID控制。首先,分别建立铝型材数控加工中心电气伺服系统的电机环节与传动环节的数学模型,并根据模型设计PID控制器。然后,采用遗传算法整定控制器参数,形成自适应PID控制结构,从而实现铝型材数控加工中心的电气控制。结果表明,该设计方法在加工控制时的最大跟随误差为2.51μm,且对速度换向过程中非线性摩擦引起的跟随误差有抑制作用,证实了该方法的控制性能与自适应调整能力良好。In response to the influence of mechanical resonance,nonlinear friction and other factors on the motion control accuracy of the electrical servo system in aluminum profile CNC machining centers,the electrical adaptive PID control of aluminum profile CNC machining centers is studied.Firstly,establish mathematical models for the motor and transmission components of the electrical servo system of the aluminum profile CNC machining center,and design a PID controller based on the model.Then,genetic algorithm is used to adjust the controller parameters to form an adaptive PID control structure,thereby achieving electrical control of the aluminum profile CNC machining center.The results show that the maximum following error of the design method during machining control is 2.51 μm.And it has a restraining effect on the following error caused by nonlinear friction during the speed reversal process,confirming the good control performance and adaptive adjustment ability of this method.

关 键 词：铝型材数控加工中心 电气控制 遗传算法 自适应PID控制 

分 类 号：TP273[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]