蔬菜嫁接用砧木苗位置纠偏机构试验研究  

Experimental Study on Position Correction Mechanism of Rootstock Seedlings for Vegetable Grafting

作　　者：欧杨 初麒 杨艳丽 姜德龙 严来旺 何涛 辜松[1] Ou Yang;Chu Qi;Yang Yani;Jiang Deong;Yan Laiwang;He Tao;Gu Song(College of Engineering,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;Guangzhou SKY Me-chanical&Electrical Co.Ltd.,Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学工程学院,广州510642 [2]广州实凯机电科技有限公司,广州510642

出　　处：《农机化研究》2024年第8期196-200,共5页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：广东省现代农业产业共性关键技术研发创新团队建设项目(2022KJ131)。

摘　　要：茄果类蔬菜砧木苗由于播种偏差和生长差异导致砧木苗中心偏移穴盘中心,可能在自动嫁接作业时对砧木苗造成损伤。为此,设计了一种砧木苗位置纠偏机构,通过1对拢苗手和砧木推板对砧木进行全方位约束,实现对砧木位置的纠偏。为了考察砧木苗位置纠偏机构对嫁接苗体的损伤情况,进行了砧木位置纠偏对嫁接苗体的损伤试验。结果表明:纠偏机构可以实现砧木苗偏移穴盘中心点4mm范围内的纠偏;当砧木苗向前偏移时,砧木苗位置纠偏机构“搂”回偏移的嫁接苗体的损伤率为4.9%;当砧木苗向后偏移时,砧木苗位置纠偏机构“推”出偏移的嫁接苗体的损伤率12.3%;当拢苗手和砧木推板的缓冲材料使用EVA缓冲时,没有嫁接苗体损伤;当拢苗手和砧木推板的缓冲材料使用0.3mm塑料薄膜缓冲时,嫁接苗体的损伤率为4.9%;当拢苗手和砧木推板没有缓冲材料时,嫁接苗体的损伤率为6.17%。The rootstock seedlings of nightshade vegetables are offset from the center of the plug tray due to planting deviation and growth difference,which may cause damage to the rootstock seedlings during automatic grafting operations.Aiming at the problem that the position deviation of rootstock seedlings will cause damage to the grafted seedlings,this paper designs a position correction mechanism for rootstock seedlings,which constrains the rootstock in all directions through a pair of seedling holding hands and a rootstock pusher,so as to rectify the position of the rootstock.In order to investigate the damage to the grafted seedlings caused by the position correction mechanism of rootstocks,a damage test of the grafted seedlings caused by the positional correction of rootstocks was designed.The test results show that the devia-tion correction mechanism can realize the deviation correction of the rootstock seedlings offset from the center point of the plug tray within 4 mm;when the rootstock seedlings are displaced forward,the damage rate of the grafted seedlings with the rootstock seedling position deviation correction mechanism“hulling”back to the offset is 4.9%;when the rootstock seedlings shifted backwards,the rootstock seedling position correction mechanism“pushed”the grafted seedlings with a damage rate of 12.3%.damage;when the buffer material of the seedling hand and the stock pusher was buffered with 0.3mm plastic film,the damage rate of the grafted seedling was 4.9%;when the seedling hand and the stock pusher had no buffer material,the damage rate of the grafted seedling was 6.17%.

关 键 词：茄果类砧木苗 自动嫁接 砧木位置 纠偏 损伤 

分 类 号：S223.1[农业科学—农业机械化工程]