公共卫生视角下葡萄牙与挪威管控药物政策的演变及启示  

Evolution and Implications of Drug Control Policies in Portugal and Norway from a Public Health Perspective

作　　者：龚韩湘 伍宝玲 李静华 杨亚军[4] 黄伟章[5] GONG Hanxiang;WU Baoling;LI Jinghua;YANG Yajun;HUANG Weizhang(Medical Department,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou 510260,China;Department of Medical Quality Control,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou 510260,China;School of Public Health,Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou 511495,China;Personnel Training Department,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou 510260,China;Department of Medical Equipment,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou 510260,China)

机构地区：[1]广州医科大学附属第二医院医务科,广东广州510260 [2]广州医科大学附属第二医院医疗质量控制科,广东广州510260 [3]广州医科大学公共卫生学院,广东广州511495 [4]广州医科大学附属第二医院人事培训科,广东广州510260 [5]广州医科大学附属第二医院医疗设备科,广东广州510260

出　　处：《医学与哲学》2024年第7期57-60,65,共5页Medicine and Philosophy

基　　金：2023年广东省医学科研基金项目(B2023473);2023年广州市哲学社会科学发展“十四五”规划课题(2023GZGJ70);2024年广州医科大学科研能力提升计划项目(2024SRP246)。

摘　　要：在全球化背景下,公共卫生视角为管控药物政策提供了新的理解和处理方式。分析了葡萄牙与挪威在管控药物政策方面从刑事化向去刑事化和去病态化的转型过程及其对中国的启示。葡萄牙和挪威的经验表明了去刑事化和去病态化策略能够有效减少药物滥用及其相关的公共卫生和社会问题,同时促进管控药物使用者的社会融入与康复。针对中国当前在严格执法与满足公共卫生需求之间寻找平衡的努力,建议重新界定管控药物的法律地位,增强资源配置,加强跨部门合作,提高公众教育及社会意识,以期构建一个更加有效且人本关怀的药物政策框架。Within the context of globalization,a public health perspective offers novel insights and approaches to drug control policies.This article examines the transition from criminalization to decriminalization and destigmatization in Portugal and Norway,and its implications for China.The experiences of Portugal and Norway demonstrate that strategies of decriminalization and destigmatization can effectively mitigate drug abuse and related public health and societal issues,while also facilitating the social integration and rehabilitation of individuals using controlled substances.In light of China's current efforts to find a balance between strict law enforcement and meeting public health needs,it is recommended to redefine the legal status of drug control,enhance resource allocation,strengthen cross-sector collaboration,and improve public education and social awareness,with the goal of developing a more effective and humane framework for drug policy.

关 键 词：公共卫生 去刑事化 去病态化 管控药物政策 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生]