304不锈钢电铸镍层厚度均匀性研究  

A study about the thickness uniformity of electroformed nickel sheet on 304 stainless steel

作　　者：何康 许芳 周赵琪 刘超男 乔叶平 王振卫 He Kang;Xu Fang;Zhou Zhaoqi;Liu Chaonan;Qiao Yeping;Wang Zhenwei(School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering,Shanghai Institute of Technology,Shanghai 201418,China;Shanghai Supervision and Testing Center for Nonferrous Metals Industry Co.Ltd.,Shanghai 201800,China)

机构地区：[1]上海应用技术大学化学与环境工程学院,上海201418 [2]上海有色金属工业技术监测中心有限公司,上海201800

出　　处：《电镀与精饰》2024年第4期111-119,共9页Plating & Finishing

摘　　要：为解决由于电流密度分布不均导致的电铸镍片厚度不均匀性问题,研究了电铸工艺参数和阴极挂具结构对改善镍片厚度均匀性和电铸结瘤状况的影响。结果表明,当电流密度为11 A·dm^(-2)、阳极长度为3.5 cm、极间距为2.5 cm、温度为45℃时,镍片厚度均匀性最好。此时厚度平均值为0.484 mm,极差和均方差分别为0.157 mm和0.044 mm。在最佳工艺参数下,改善挂具和设计阴极遮蔽,解决了接触点厚度薄的问题,结瘤缓解,电铸时间由10 h缩至4 h,厚度极差和均方差分别降至0.116 mm和0.036 mm。实验确定的最佳工艺条件不仅提高了镍片厚度均匀性,电铸时间也缩短了60%,提升了阳极镍粒的利用率,节约了电铸成本。To address the issue of the thickness non-uniformity of electroformed nickel plates resulted from uneven current density distribution,this study investigated the impact of electroforming process parameters and cathode fixturing structure on enhancing the uniformity of nickel plate thickness and mitigating dendritic growth.The results show the uniformity of nickel sheet is the best when the current density is set at 11 A·dm^(-2),the anode length at 3.5 cm,the electrode spacing at 2.5 cm,and the temperature at 45℃.The average thickness is 0.484 mm,and the range and standard deviation of thickness decreases are 0.157 mm and 0.044 mm,respectively.Forthermore,by optimizing the rack design and introducing cathode shielding,thickness at the contact points is enhanced and nodular can be alleviated.The electroforming time can be shorted from 10 h to 4 h.Moreover,the thickness range and the standard deviation are reduced down to 0.116 mm and 0.036 mm,respectively.The optimal conditions obtained brings about the homogeneous thickness of the nickel sheet and a 60%reduction in the electroforming time.These improvements increase utilization ratio of anode nickel shots,thereby contributing to cost savings.

关 键 词：电铸 厚度 均匀性 结瘤 挂具 

分 类 号：TG249.5[机械工程—精密仪器及机械]