基于亲生物都市主义的高密度建成环境生境网络优化提升研究--以成都主城区为例  

Research on the Optimization and Improvement of the Habitat Network of High-density Built Environment Based on the Biophilic Urbanism:A Case Study of the Central Urban Area of Chengdu

作　　者：李荷 吴莹婕 毕凌岚[4] 陈明坤 LI He;WU Yingjie;BI Linglan;CHEN Mingkun

机构地区：[1]成都市公园城市建设发展研究院,成都610036 [2]西南交通大学建筑学院,成都610036 [3]重庆市规划设计研究院四川分院,成都610036 [4]西南交通大学建筑学院,成都611756

出　　处：《中国园林》2024年第2期85-91,共7页Chinese Landscape Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“高密度建成环境生态空间韧性机理探析及协同规划响应”(编号52308080)、“成都平原经济区生态地域化的演变机制、特征构建及规划支撑方法研究”(编号52278079);博士后基金项目“面向高密度建成环境生态空间韧性提升的协同机制及规划策略研究”(编号2022M712638)共同资助。

摘　　要：立足于亲生物都市主义的概念内涵和发展演进趋势,结合高密度建成环境内生态过程发生和运行机制,以及亲生物感知的需求特征,明确约束因素和关键支撑条件,构建高密度建成环境范围界定、评估和识别生境单元、模拟和评估生境网络格局、情景迭代对比性评估的技术框架。以公园城市示范区成都主城区为研究对象,解析高密度建成环境的范围、特征及其内部生态过程的约束条件和生态过程特征,从人本感知的角度分析亲生物特征和支撑条件,构建评估生境网络格局的技术路径。在明确生态阻力特征和核心生境空间的基础上,利用基于电流理论的Linkage Mapper技术模块,生成支撑亲生物特征的生境网络格局,识别并评估格局结构、生境单元、生态廊道、生态夹点和生态障碍点,结合生境斑块增补的多次迭代下的情景对比性结论,凝练锚固生态骨架、延展潜力生态脉络和打造多元亲生物感知空间的优化提升策略,以期为营建具有生命共同体特征并达成亲生物城市特征的中国公园城市提供指引和参考。Based on the connotation and development trend of biophilic urbanism,combined with the occurrence and operation mechanism of ecological processes in the high-density built environment,and clarifying the constraints and essential supporting conditions,a technical framework for defining the scope of high-density built environment,assessing and identifying habitat units,simulating the habitat networks,and comparative assessment by scenario iteration is created.The downtown of Chengdu,the Park City demonstration area,is taken as the research object,and the scope and characteristics of the high-density built environment and the constraint conditions and ecological process characteristics of its internal ecological process are analyzed.From the perspective of human perception,the biological features and supporting requirements are explored,and then the technical path to evaluate the habitat network pattern is built.By clarifying the ecological resistance characteristics and the core habitat spaces,the technology module of Linkage Mapper based on the electric current theory is used to identify the habitat networks supporting the biological characteristics.Moreover,the pattern structure,habitat units,ecological corridors,ecological pinch points,and ecological barrier points are evaluated to obtain comparative conclusions by supplying habitat patches while combining the scenario iteration.The optimization and promotion strategies such as anchoring the ecological skeleton,extending the potential ecological context and creating multi-biological perception spaces are refined.It is expected to provide guidance and reference for constructing the Chinese Park City with the characteristics of a living community to achieve a biophilic city.

关 键 词：风景园林 亲生物感知 生态过程 生境网络 格局优化 绩效提升 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]