面向溯源的虚假危机信息传播主体识别与动机叙事方法研究  

Research on Identification of Fraud Crisis Information Disseminators and Motivational Narrative Methods for Tracing Sources

作　　者：晁晓峰 Chao Xiaofeng

机构地区：[1]南通大学文学院,江苏南通226019

出　　处：《情报理论与实践》2024年第4期114-125,113,共13页Information Studies:Theory & Application

基　　金：江苏省社会科学基金项目“纪录片的集体记忆建构研究”的成果,项目编号:22YSB021。

摘　　要：[目的/意义]虚假危机信息类型复杂,利益牵扯甚广,传播动机较为分散与隐蔽,有必要从溯源角度进行主体识别与动机叙事研究。[方法/过程]首先,在确定文本情感值、实体数、时序率、聚类簇与重叠量5个识别要素的基础上,设计深度隐晦语义理解、虚假危机信息判别、关联主体锁定与主体确证流程实现虚假危机信息传播主体识别功能,并通过画像对特征予以暴露。然后,以事理图谱为底座,在意图理解基础上构建动机叙事模型。最后,将两种方法糅合后开发自适应可视化操作界面以提升应用效率。[结果/结论]以“5·23卡塔尔立场声明”事件信息为例开展实证,结果表明此研究方法能够识别煽动型、造势型、转化型、侦查型与钳制型5种传播主体,动机分别集中在意见价值共鸣、宣扬自身力量、破除信息壁垒与渗透官方作业等方面。方法对比实验表明,文本设计较于其他方法具有更佳性能,然而仍有优化余地,如主体特征暴露与动机叙事粒度还有待提升。[Purpose/significance]The types of false crisis information are complex,the interests are widely involved,and the dissemination motivation is relatively scattered and hidden.It is necessary to conduct research on subject identification and motivation narrative from a traceability perspective.[Method/process]On the basis of determining the five recognition elements of text emotion value,entity number,temporal rate,clustering cluster,and overlap,a deep implicit semantic understanding,false crisis information discrimination,associated subject locking,and subject confirmation process is designed to achieve the recognition function of false crisis information dissemination subjects,and the features are exposed through portraits.On the other hand,based on the rational graph,a motivational narrative model is constructed based on the understanding of intention.Develop an adaptive visual operation interface by combining the two methods to improve application efficiency.[Result/conclusion]Taking the“5·23 Qatar Position Statement”event as an example,empirical research shows that this method can identify five types of communication subjects:inciting,shaping,transforming,investigating,and suppressing.The motivations are focused on resonating with the value of opinions,promoting one's own strength,breaking down information barriers,and infiltrating official operations.Method comparison experiments have shown that text design has better performance compared to other methods.However,there is still room for optimization,such as the exposure of subject features and the granularity of motivational narrative,which needs to be improved.Further research can be conducted in the future.

关 键 词：虚假信息 危机信息 传播主体 动机叙事 信息溯源 特征暴露 

分 类 号：G206[文化科学—传播学]